Tek ve Çok Yıllık Calendula officinalis L. Türlerinin Kültür Şartlarında Karşılaştırılması

Bu çalışmada tek yıllık ve çok yıllık sarı ve turuncu çiçekli aynısafa bitkilerinde en yüksek drog çiçek verimi ve uçucu yağ oranını belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Materyal olarak kullanılan tek ve çok yıllık sarı turuncu renkli Calendula officinalis L. tohumları Ege Üniversitesi Botanik bahçesinden temin edilmiştir. Deneme Ege Üniversitesi Ödemiş Meslek Yüksekokulu deneme tarlasında 1000 m2 alanda üç tekerrürlü olarak bölünen bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 28 Mart 2016 tarihinde kurulmuştur. Çiçekler tam çiçeklenme döneminde her 10 günde bir toplanmış ve her hasatta sarı ve turuncu çiçekler, tek yıllık ve çok yıllık olarak ayrı ayrı değerlendirilmiştir. Hasat edilen çiçekler tartıldıktan sonra 30 oC’ de kurutma dolabında kurutulmuştur. Uçucu yağ içeriği su distilasyonu metoduna göre volümetrik olarak belirlenmiştir. En yüksek drog çiçek verimi çok yıllık Calendula türlerinden sağlanmış ve sarı renkliler için 7.54 kg da-1 iken, turuncu renklilerde 7.28 kg da-1 olmuştur. En yüksek uçucu yağ içeriği ise yine çok yıllıklardan sari renk çiçeklilerde % 0.051, turuncu renk çiçeklilerden ise % 0.020 olarak ölçülmüştür. Genel olarak uçucu yağ içeriklerinin çok yıllık bitkilerde tek yıllıklara göre, arı renklilerin ise turuncu renkliler göre daha yüksek verim sağladığı belirlenmiştir.

Comparing of Cultivated Annual and Perennial Calendula officinalis L. Species

The aim of this study was to determine the highest dry flower yieldand essential oil content of yellow and orange flowered annual andperennial marigold plants. Annual and perennial Calendula officinalisL. plant seeds with yellow and orange flower obtained from Researchand Application Center of Botanical Garden and Herbarium, EgeUniversity were used as a study material. The experiment wasestablished to the 1000 m2 area of Ege University Odemis VocationalSchool field according to split-split plot parcel design with threereplications on 28th of March 2016. Flowers were harvested when theplants in full blossom stage, every ten days. Annual yellow and orangeflowers and perennial yellow and orange flowers were evaluatedseparately for each harvest. Totally seven harvest were done. All freshflowers were weighed after then dried in a drying cabinet at 30 oC andessential oil contents were obtained by hydro distillation method. Thehighest dry flower yields for perennial plants were provided for yellowflowered plants; at 7.54 kg da-1 and for orange flowered plants; 7.28kg da-1. The highest essential oil contents in perennial weredetermined for yellow flowered plants as 0.051%, and orange floweredplants; 0.020%. In general, it can be said that content of essential oilis higher in perennial plants than single years.

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