HÜSEYİN ÇANCI, Murat BOZKURT, Faik KANTA, MEHMET ZAHİT YEKEN, Göksel ÖZER, Vahdettin ÇİFTÇİ

Batı Anadolu Fasulye Genetik Kaynaklarının Biyolojik Çeşitliliğinin Araştırılması ve Karakterizasyonu

Bu çalışmada, Batı Anadolu Bölgesi'nde 10 ilde üretilen 156 önemliyerel fasulye ekotipi 2015 yılında toplanmış ve ekotipler arasındakibiyolojik çeşitliliği araştırmak ve karakterize etmek için 2016 yılındaAkdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi'nde tarla denemesiyürütülmüştür. İncelenen karakterler açısından en belirgin değişimkuru sap ve tane veriminde kaydedilirken bunu bitkide bakla sayısı,baklada tane sayısı, bitki boyu ve yüz tane ağırlığı takip etmiştir. Enyüksek bitki başına tane verimi MGL-30 (145.6 g), MGL-38 (101.7 g),ANT-43 (87.8 g) ve MGL-26 (81.9 g) genotiplerinden elde edilmiştir.Temel bileşen analizinde, 17 bileşen yerel fasulye genetikkaynaklarındaki varyasyonun %74.9’unu izah etmiştir. Bakla rengi,bitki tipi ve sarılma özelliği en fazla katkı sağlayan özelliklerolmuştur. Bitki boyu ve olgunlaşma gün sayısı, biplot analizinde taneverimi ile aynı yönde ve en dar açıya sahip vektörler olmuştur.Morfolojik özellikler kullanılarak üretilen benzerlik dendogramıgenotipleri iki ana gruba (A ve B) ve dört alt gruba (A1, A2, B1 ve B2) ayrılmıştır. Morfolojik özellikler açısından en uzak gruplarda yeralan MGL-01, KTH-01, MNS-01 ve ANT-13 ile UŞK-01, ANT-01,MGL-05 ve AYD-02 ekotipleri kullanılarak melezleme ıslahı ile yeniçeşitler geliştirilebilir.

Investigation and Characterization of Phaseolus bean bio-diversity in Western Anatolia

In this study, 156 important local bean ecotypes produced in 10 provinces in the Western Anatolia Region were collected in 2015, and field trial was conducted in 2016 at Akdeniz University, Faculty of Agriculture in order to investigate and characterize biodiversity. The highest variation was recorded for straw yield and seed yield per plant followed by pod number per plant, seed number per pod, plant height and 100 seed yield. MGL-30 (145.6 g), MGL-38 (101.7 g), ANT-43 (87.8 g) and MGL-26 (81.9 g) gave the highest seed yields per plant. In principle component analysis, 17 components explained 74.9% of genetic variation in local bean genetic resources. Pod color, plant growth and speed of climbing were the most important traits contributing to diversity. In biplot vector analysis, plant height and days to maturity were of the closest and parallel vector angle to seed yield. Hierarchal constellation cluster analysis on the bases of morphological traits produced two main groups (A and B) and 4 subgroups (A1, A2, B1, and B2). Most distant landraces of MGL-01, KTH01, MNS-01, and ANT-13 to the genotypes of UŞK-01, ANT-01, MGL05 and AYD-02 may be used in a hybridization program.

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