Abdelhanine AYAD, Abdelkader BENSID, Amira Chahrazad BENABDELHAK, Fatima AIT-YAHIA, Nadir Boudjlal DERGAL

Cezayir, Bejaia'daki Mezbaha Verilerine Dayanan Tüberküloz Hakkında İlk Rapor: Geriye Dönük 10 Yıllık Bir Araştırma

Tüberküloz (TB), Cezayir'de halk sağlığı için önemli bir tehdit oluşturan ruminantların yaygın ve endemik bir hastalığıdır. Bejaia'da (Cezayir) sığır eti, koyun ve keçilerde tüberküloz prevalansının ayrıntılı bir et muayene prosedürü kullanılarak tahmin edilmesi için geriye dönük bir mezbaha çalışması yapılmıştır. Tüberküloz prevalansı sığırlarda % 2.06 (2.092/199 077), koyunlarda % 0.007 (11/168 796) ve keçilerde % 0.008 (11/164 986) idi. Hastalığın yıllık yaygınlık oranı, çalışmanın on yıllık dönemi boyunca aralıklarla artmıştır. Ancak, kesilen sığırlarda aylık tüberküloz lezyonlarındaki dalgalanmalar, çalışma süresi boyunca % 1.77 ile % 2.36 arasında değişen tespit oranlarında kaydedilmiştir. Ayrıca sığır ve keçilerde mevsimsel prevalanstaki değişiklik anlamlı değildir (P> 0.05). Analizimiz, çalışma alanındaki TB'nin büyüklüğünü ortaya çıkarmıştır ve Cezayir'de hastalığın bulaşmasına ilişkin daha fazla sistematik araştırmayı garanti etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Tüberküloz, Ruminant, Kesimhane, Cezayir

First Report on Tuberculosis Based on Slaughterhouse Data in Bejaia Province, Algeria: A Retrospective 10-Year Survey

Tuberculosis (TB) is a widespread and endemic disease of ruminants in Algeria posing a significant threat to public health. A retrospective abattoir study was conducted in Bejaia province (Algeria) from 2009 to 2018 to estimate the prevalence of tuberculosis in cattle, sheep, and goats using detailed meat inspection procedure. The overall prevalence of tuberculosis was 2.06% (4092/199 077) in cattle, 0.007% (11/168 796) in sheep, and 0.008% (11/164 986) in goats. The annual prevalence rate of the disease showed intermittent increase in levels over the ten years period of the study. However, monthly fluctuations of tuberculous lesions in slaughtered cattle were recorded throughout the study period with detection rates ranging from 1.77% and 2.36%. In addition, the variation in seasonal prevalence in cattle and goats is not significant (P > 0.05). Our analysis has revealed the magnitude of TB in the study area and warrants further systematic investigation on the transmission of the disease in Algeria.

Keywords:

Tuberculosis, Ruminants, Slaughterhouse, Algeria,

PDF

___

Ahmad I, Kudi CA, Abdulkadir AI, Saidu SNA. Occurrence and distribution of bovine TB pathology by age, sex, and breed of cattle slaughtered in Gusau Abattoir, Zamfara State Nigeria. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2017; 49(3): 583-589.
Ahmed AM, Ismail SAS,Dessouki AA. Pathological lesions survey and economic loss for male cattle slaughtered at Ismailia abattoir. Int Food Rese J. 2013; 20(2): 857-863.
Aljameel MA, Mohammed GE, Bakhiet AO. Tuberculosis in Sheep and Goats: pathological characteristics based on abattoir Study in South Darfur State, Sudan. Sudan J Sci Technol.2017; 18(2): 107-126.
Asil E, Sanousi S, Gameel A, Beir H, Fathelrahman M, Terab N, Muaz M,Hamid M. Bovine tuberculosis in South Darfur State, Sudan: an abattoir study based on microscopy and molecular detection methods. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2013; 45(2).
Awah-Ndukum J, Kudi AC, Bradley G, Ane-Anyangwe IN, Fon-Tebug S, Tchoumboue J. Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in abattoirs of the Littoral and Western highland regions of Cameroon: A cause for public health concern. Vet Med Int. 2010.
Benti D, Conraths FJ, Ameni G. Abattoir based study on the epidemiology of caprine tuberculosis in Ethiopia using conventional and molecular tools. Acta Vet Scad. 2013; 55: 15.
Cadmus SI, Adesokan, HK, Jenkins AO, Soolingen D. Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in goats, Nigeria. Emer Infect Dis. 2009; 15(12): 2066-2067.
Carvalho RCT, Furlanetto LV, Maruyama FH, de Araújo CP, Barros SLB, do Nascimento Ramos CA, Dutra V, de Araújo FR, Paschoalin VMF, Nakazato L de Souza Figueiredo EE. Evaluation of the efficiency of nested q-PCR in the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex directly from tuberculosis-suspected lesions in post-mortem macroscopic inspections of bovine carcasses slaughtered in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Meat sci. 2015; 106: 11-15.
Courtenay O, Reilly LA, Sweeney FP, Hibberd V, Bryan S, Ul-Hassan A, Newman C, Macdonald DW, Delahay RJ., Wilson GJ, Wellington EMH. Is Mycobac-terium bovis in the environment important for the persistence of bovine tuberculosis? Biol Lett. 2006; 2: 460–462.
Danbirni S, Sackey AKB, Kudi AC, Okaiyeto SO, Pewan SB. A comparison of One- Step Anigen® Rapid Bovine TuberculosisAntibodies Test Sensitivity to Postmortem Gross Lesions in Diagnosing Bovine Tuberculosis in a Dairy Herd in Kaduna State. Res J Dairy Sci. 2009; 3(2-4): 32 34.
De Garine-Wichatitsky M, Caron A, Kock R, Tschopp R, Munyeme M, Hofmeyr M, Michel A. A review of bovine tuberculosis at the wildlife–livestock–human interface in sub-Saharan Africa. Epidemiol Infect 2013; 141(7): 1342-1356.
De la Rua-Domenech R. Human Mycobacterium bovis infection in the United Kingdom: Incidence, risks, control measures and review of the zoonotic aspects of bovine tuberculosis. Tuberculosis 2006; 86(2): 77–109.
Dejene SW, Heitkönig IMA, Prins HHT, Lemma FA, Mekonnen DA, Alemu ZE, Kelkay TZ, de Boer WF. Risk Factors for Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB) in Cattle in Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2016; 11(7)
Fine AE, Bolin CA, Gardiner JC, Kaneene JB. A study of the persistence of Mycobacterium bovis in the environment under natural weather conditions in Michigan, USA. Vet Med Int. 2011.
Ghebremariam MK, Michel AL, Vernooij JCM, Nielen M, Rutten VPMG. Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in cattle, goats, and camels of traditional livestock raising communities in Eritrea. BMC Vet Res. 2018; 14(1): 73.
Gracey JF, Collins DS, Huey RJ. Meat hygiene (1999). 10th ed. London: Elsevier Healthy Sciences. (543-553). Chapter 17: Infectious diseases.
Luboya LW, Malangu M, Kaleka M, Ngulu N, Nkokele B, Maryabo K, Pourrut X, Vincent T, Gonzalez JP. An assessment of caprine tuberculosis prevalence in Lubumbashi slaughterhouse, Democratic Republic of Congo. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2017; 49(4): 875-878
Nalapa DP, Muwonge A, Kankya C, Olea-Popelka F. Prevalence of tuberculous lesion in cattle slaughtered in Mubende district, Uganda. BMC Vet Res. 2017; 13(1): 73.
Nwata JA, Umeononigwe CN, Abonyi GE and Onunkwo JI Retrospective study of bovine and human tuberculosis in abattoirs and hospitals in Enugu State, Southeast Nigeria. J Public Health Epidemiol. 2011; 3(7): 329-336.
O’Reilly LM, Daborn CJ. The epidemiology ofMycobac- terium bovis infections in animals and man: a review. Tuber Lung Dis. 1995; 76(1): 1–46.
Pollock JM, Neill SD. Mycobacterium bovis infection and tuberculosis in cattle. Vet J. 2002; 163: 115–27.
Regassa A, Tassew A, Amenu K, Megersa B, Abunna F, Mekibib B, Macrotty T, Ameni G. A cross-sectional study on bovine tuberculosis in Hawassa town and its surroundings, Southern Ethiopia. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2010; 42(5): 915-920.
Sa’idu AS, Mohammed S, Ashafa M, Gashua MM, Mahre MB, Maigado AI. Retrospective study of bovine tuberculosis in Gombe Township Abattoir, Northeastern Nigeria. Int J Vet Sci Med. 2017; 5(1): 65–69.
Sahraoui N, Hasniou A, Chettab H, Ben Khada G, Tazerart F, Chadi H, Zinsstag J, Guetarni D. Diagnostic de la tuberculose ovine par examen anatomopathologique en Algérie. Journal Recherche Scientifique de l’Université de Lomé. 2012; 14(2): 143-147.
Sahraoui N, Müller B, Guetarni D,, Boulahbal F, Yala D, Ouzrout R, Berg S, Smith NH, Zinsstag J. Molecular characterization of Mycobacterium bovis strains isolated from cattle slaughtered at two abattoirs in Algeria. BMC Vet Res. 2009; 5(1): 4.
Sahraoui N, Muller B, Mamache B, Yala D, Boulahbal F, Zinsstag J, Guetarni D. Tuberculosis in cattle and goats in north of Algeria. Vet Res. 2011; 4(4): 100-103.
Sahraoui N, Muller B, Yala D, Ouzrout R, Zinsstag J, Boulahbal F, Guetarni D. Investigation about the bovine tuberculosis in two Algerian slaughterhouses. Afric J Agricult Res 2008; 3(11): 775-778.
Shitaye JE, Getahun B, Alemayehu T, Skoric M, Treml F, Fictum P, Vrbas V, Pavlik I. A prevalence study of bovine tuberculosis by using abattoir meat inspection and tuberculin skin testing data, histopathological and IS6110 PCR examination of tissues with tuberculous lesions in cattle in Ethiopia. Vet Med. 2006; 51: 512–522.
Shittu A, Clifton-Hadley RS, Ely ER, Upton PU, Downs SH. Factors associated with bovine tuberculosis confirmation rates in suspect lesions found in cattle at routine slaughter in Great Britain, 2003–2008. Prev Vet Med.2013; 110(3-4): 395-404.
Silaigwana B, Green E, Ndip R. Molecular Detection and Drug Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex from Cattle at a Dairy Farm in the Nkonkobe Region of South Africa: A pilot study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2012; 9: 2045–2056.
Thoen CO, LoBue P, Enarson DA, Kaneene JB, de Kantor IN. Tuberculosis: a re-emerging disease of animals and humans. Vet Ital, 2009; 45: 135–181.
Thoen, C., LoBue, P. and de Kantor, I., 2006. The importance of Mycobacterium bovis as zoonoses, Veterinary Microbiology, 112, 339-345.
World Health Organization. Global Tuberculosis Report; 2016 (Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/250441/1/9789241565394-eng.pdf?ua=1 (accessed October 23, 2019).