PANDEMİ DÖNEMİNDE DİYABETLİLERDE GÖRÜLEN YEME BOZUKLUKLARI, ÖZ-ETKİLİLİK, ANKSİYETE BOZUKLUKLARI: KESİTSEL BİR ÇALIŞMA

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, COVID-19 pandemi döneminde diyabetiklerde yeme bozukluklarının ve semptomlarının görülme sıklığı, anksiyete ve öz-etkililik durumunu ve yeme bozukluklarına etkisi olan faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Yöntem: Bu kesitsel web tabanlı çalışmada, Sosyo-Demografik Bilgi Formu, Edinburgh Bulimiya Araştırma Testi (BITE), Diyabette Öz-Yönetim Algısı Skalası (DÖYAS) ve Yaygın Anksiyete Bozukluğu (YAB-7) testi kullanıldı. Değişkenlere Bağımsız Örneklemler T Testi, Mann Whitney U Testi ve Ki Kare Testi, Pearson Korelasyon Analizi ve Basit Regresyon Analizi uygulandı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 18-65 yaşlarında toplam 110 (52 Tip 1, 58 Tip 2) diyabet hastası katıldı. BITE toplam puanı 20.92±7.99 (Min:8; Max:32) olarak belirlendi. Yeme bozukluğunun sıklığı %29,1, anksiyete bozukluklarının sıklığı %30,9’du. Diyabette Öz-Yönetim Algısı Skalası (DÖYAS) puanı 24.80±3.85'tir (Min:8; Max:40). Evli bireylerde ve anksiyete bozukluğu olan diyabet hastalarında yeme bozukluğunun daha fazla görüldüğü saptandı (p<.005). Katılımcıların anksiyete bozukluğu, yeme bozukluğu ve DÖYAS puanları ile sosyodemografik özellikleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmadı (p>.05). Anksiyete, diyabetiklerde yeme bozukluklarının önemli bir yordayıcısıdır (R=.45; R2 =.20; F(1.108)=28.61, p< .001). Sonuç: Pandemi döneminde diyabet hastalarının yeme bozukluğu belirtileri ve şiddeti, anksiyete ile başa çıkma yöntemleri diyabet bakımı ile çalışan uzmanlar tarafından belirlenmelidir. Yeme bozukluklarını azaltmak için ailede yeme alışkanlıkları ve anksiyete bozukluklarının varlığı dikkate alınmalıdır. Diyabetli kişiler, çevrimiçi eğitim ve danışmanlık yoluyla duygusal ve öz yönetim açısından güçlendirilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yeme Bozuklukları, Anksiyete Bozuklukları, Öz Yönetim, COVID 19, Diyabet

EATING DISORDERS, SELF-MANAGEMENT, AND ANXIETY DISORDERS IN DIABETICS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Objective: This study aimed to determine the frequency of eating disorders and symptoms, anxiety and self-care management status, and factors that have an impact on eating disorders in diabetics during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: This cross-sectional web-based study used a survey comprising a socio-demographic information form, the Bulimic Investigation Test of Edinburgh (BITE), Perceived Diabetes Self-Management Scale (PDSMS), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7). Independent samples t Test, Mann Whitney U Test, Chi Square Test, Pearson correlation analysis, and Simple Regression Analysis were applied to the variables. Results: Totally, 110 (52 Type 1, 58 Type 2) diabetics aged 18-65 participated in the study. BITE total score was determined as 20.92±7.99 (Min:8; Max:32). Eating disorder frequency was 29.1% while anxiety disorders frequency was 30.9%. Perceived Diabetes Self-Management Scale point is 24.80±3.85 (Min:8; Max:40). Married individuals and diabetics with anxiety disorder mostly had eating disorders (p<.005). There was no significant relationship between anxiety disorder, eating disorder and PDSMS scores of the participants and socio-demographics (p>.05). Anxiety was a significant predictor of eating disorders in diabetics (R=.45; R2 =.20; F (1.108)=28.61, p<.001). Conclusion: Eating disorder symptoms and severity of diabetics, and their coping styles with anxiety should be determined during the pandemic by diabetes care and specialist. Family eating habits and the presence of anxiety disorders should be taken into account to reduce eating disorders. People with diabetes can be emotionally and self-management empowered through online training and counseling.

Keywords:

Eating disorders, Anxiety Disorders, Self-Management, COVID 19, Diabetic,

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