Savunma İhracatı ve İktisadi Büyüme: Küresel Silah Pazarında Üst Sıralara Tırmanan Gelişmekte Olan Ekonomiler için Ampirik bir Değerlendirme

İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nın ardından yaşanan Soğuk Savaş’ın şekillendirdiği uluslararası silah pazarının aktörleri ve dinamikleri bugüne dek çok az değişime uğramıştır. Sovyetler Birliğinin yıkılması ve Çin gibi bir başka önemli aktörün devreye girmesi ile küresel güvenlik algıları değişmiş ve silah ticaretinde ihracatçı yeni ülkeler dikkat çekmeye başlamıştır. Bu çalışma silah ihracat hacmini son yirmi yılda önemli ölçüde arttırabilmiş beş gelişmekte olan ekonomiyi dikkate alarak bir panel ekonometrik analiz gerçekleştirmekte ve savunma ihracatının iktisadi büyüme üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktadır. Ampirik bulgulara göre ithalatı arttırmadan silah ihracatını arttırmanın dikkate değer bir oranda büyümeye destek olacağı sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca silah ihracatını arttırmanın askeri harcamaların büyüme üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerini de azaltacağı tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Silah Ticareti, İktisadi Büyüme, Askeri Harcamalar

Defense Exports and Economic Growth: An Empirical Assessment for Emerging Economies Rising to the Top of the Global Arms Market

The agents and determinants of the international arms market, shaped by the Cold War following the World War II, have not changed noticeable until today. With the collapse of the Soviet Union and the involvement of another important actor such as China, global security perceptions have changed and new countries and new exporting countries in the arms trade have started to draw attention. This study considers five emerging economies that have been able to significantly increase the volume of arms exports in the last two decades, conducting a panel of econometric analyses and investigating the effects of defense exports on economic growth. According to empirical findings, it has been concluded that increasing arms exports without increasing imports supports economic growth. It has also been found that the negative impacts of military spending on growth are reduced by increasing arms exports.

Keywords:

Arms Trade, Economic Growth, Military Expenditures,

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