Arife ŞİMŞEK, Hatice TÜRKTEN, Gülfem BAKAN

Su Kalite İndeksi ve İstatistiksel Analiz Kullanılarak Orta Karadeniz Bölgesi Kızılırmak ve Yeşilırmak Nehirleri Su Kalitesinin Değerlendirilmesi

Karadeniz Bölgesi’nin en büyük akarsularından olan Kızılırmak ve Yeşilırmak, havza alanlarındaki insan aktiviteleri, tarım ve hayvancılık faaliyetleri nedeniyle kirletici faktörlerin yoğun baskısı altındadır. Bu kirletici etkilerin belirlenmesi için Orta Karadeniz Bölgesi, Samsun’da yer alan Kızılırmak ve Yeşilırmak nehirlerinin fizikokimyasal özelliklerinin ve su kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ekim 2018 ve Ağustos 2019 olmak üzere dört mevsim olacak şekilde örnekleme çalışmaları yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar Yerüstü Su Kalitesi Yönetmeliği (YSKY) ne göre ve mevsimsel olarak Su Kalite İndeksine (WQI) göre değerlendirilmiştir. İstatiksel olarak veriler arasında farklılıklar için bağımsız t-testi, parametreler arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi için pearson korelasyon indeksi (PCI), kirletici kaynaklarının belirlenmesi için temel bileşen analizi (TBA/FA) uygulanmıştır. TBA/FA ya göre dört faktör tüm faktörlerin %90,118 ni oluşturmuştur. YSKY’ne göre Kızılırmak I. ve II. sınıf, Yeşilırmak ise II.ve III. sınıf su kalite özelliği taşımaktadır. WQI sonuçlarına göre Kızılırmak ilkbahar mevsiminde “zayıf”, Yeşilırmak ise sadece kış mevsiminde “iyi” diğer tüm mevsimlerde zayıf ve çok zayıf su kalite özelliği taşımaktadır. Sonuçlar Kızılırmak’ın içme, sulama ve endüstriyel kullanım için uygun, Yeşilırmak’ın ise sadece sulama amaçlı kullanım açısından uygun olduğunu göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Ağır metal, Kızılırmak, İstatistiksel analiz, Su kalite indeksi, Yeşilırmak

Evaluation of Water Quality of the Middle Black Sea Region, Kızılırmak and Yeşilırmak Rivers Using Water Quality Index and Statistical Analysis

Kızılırmak and Yeşilırmak, one of the largest rivers of the Black Sea Region, are under intense pressure of polluting factors due to human activities, agriculture and livestock activities in the basin areas. In order to determine these polluting effects, it was aimed to evaluate the physicochemical properties and water quality of Kızılırmak and Yeşilırmak rivers in Samsun, Middle Black Sea Region. Sampling studies were carried out in four seasons, October 2018 and August 2019. The results obtained in the study were evaluated according to the Surface Water Quality Regulation (SWQR) and seasonally according to the Water Quality Index (WQI). Independent t-test for statistical differences between data, Pearson Correlation Index (PCI) to determine the relationship between parameters, Principal Component Analysis/Factor Analysis (PCA) to identify pollutant sources was applied. According to PCA/FA, four factors constituted 90,118% of all factors. According to SWQR, Kızılırmak I and II. Class, Yesilirmak II. and III. class water quality feature. According to the WQI results, Kızılırmak is “weak” in spring, Yeşilırmak is “good” only in winter, but weak and very poor in all other seasons. The results showed that Kızılırmak is suitable for drinking, irrigation and industrial use, while Yeşilırmak is suitable for use only for irrigation purposes.

Keywords:

Heavy metal, Kızılırmak, Statistical analysis, Water quality index, Yeşilırmak,

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