Kanser Tedavisinde Mikrodalga Ablasyon İçin Optimum Parametrelerin Belirlenmesi

Son yıllarda kanserli hücrelerin ve tümörlerin tedavisinde kullanılan mikrodalga ablasyon, mikrodalgalar tarafından üretilen ısının kullanıldığı invaziv bir termal terapi türüdür. Bu çalışmada ablasyon tedavisinde kontrolün sağlanması için doku hasarı boyutlarının teorik olarak elde edilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Doku özellikleri, frekans, çıkış gücü, uygulama süresi parametrelerinin etkisinin analiz edilmesi ve bunlar arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada karaciğer, akciğer ve böbrek dokularına uygulanan elektromanyetik alan maruziyeti COMSOL Multiphysics programı ile modellenmiş, numerik analiz yöntemi kullanılarak özgül soğurma oranı (SAR), sıcaklık dağılımı ve dokular üzerindeki hasar düzeyi hesaplanmıştır. Sıcaklık gradyanını elde etmek için biyo-ısı ve elektromanyetik denklemler ve üç boyutlu sonlu elemanlar yöntemi (FEM) kullanılmıştır. Sayısal analiz sonuçları sıcaklık dağılımı, SAR ve lezyon boyutları olarak verilmiştir. Dokuya ait yapısal farklılıkların önemli bir etken olduğu ve ablasyon bölgesi boyutlarının elde edilen sıcaklığın yanı sıra frekans, giriş gücü ve uygulama süresiyle doğru orantılı olarak arttığı bulunmuştur. İstenilen şekil ve boyutta ablasyon elde edilmesi için parametrelerin optimizasyonu gereklidir. Simülasyon çıktılarında 2450 MHz frekans ve 10 W çıkış gücündeki 10 dakikalık ablasyondan sonra karaciğer, akciğer ve böbrek için yaklaşık pıhtılaşma uzunlukları sırasıyla 4,5 cm, 4 cm ve 2,5 cm; pıhtılaşma çapları ise sırasıyla 1,5 cm, 0,8 cm ve 0,6 cm olarak belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Mikrodalga ablasyon, tümör, karaciğer, akciğer, böbrek, termal tedavi

Determination of Optimum Parameters of Microwave Ablation in Cancer Treatment

Microwave ablation, which has been used in recent years to treat cancerous cells and tumors, is a type of invasive thermal therapy that uses heat produced by microwaves. In this study, it was aimed to theoretically obtain the extent of tissue damage in order to ensure control in ablation treatment. It was aimed to analyze the effects of tissue properties, frequency, output power, application time parameters and to determine the relationship between them. In the study, electromagnetic field exposure applied to liver, lung and kidney tissues was modeled with the COMSOL Multiphysics program, and the specific absorption rate (SAR), temperature distribution and damage level on the tissues were calculated using the numerical analysis method. Bio-thermal and electromagnetic equations and three-dimensional finite element method (FEM) were used to obtain the temperature gradient. Numerical analysis results are given as temperature distribution, SAR and lesion sizes. It has been found that structural differences of the tissue are an important factor and the ablation zone sizes increase in direct proportion to the achieved temperature as well as frequency, input power and application time. Optimization of parameters is necessary to obtain ablation of the desired shape and size. In the simulation outputs, after 10 minutes of ablation at 2450 MHz frequency and 10 W output power, the approximate coagulation lengths for liver, lung, and kidney were 4.5 cm, 4 cm, and 2.5 cm, respectively; The coagulation diameters were determined as 1.5 cm, 0.8 cm and 0.6 cm, respectively.

Keywords:

Microwave ablation, tumor, liver, lung, kidney, thermal therapy,

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