The vestibular system, according to the position of the head, changes the position of the eyes, trunk and extremities and is responsible for balance. The receptors of this system maintain the normal balance of the living being against both motion and gravitational gravity. Motor fibers from the vestibular nuclei project to all levels of the spinal cord through synapses in the vestibulospinal tracts and interneurons in the ventral gray matter. Vestibular syndromes are characterized by ataxia, tilt of the head, turning around, nystagmus and falling to the side of the lesion .It consists of two parts: peripheral (middle and inner ear) and central (brain stem and cerebellum).The detection of neurological diseases originating from the vestibular system is distinguished by neurological examination and some diagnostic methods according to whether the disease is central or peripheral.In this review presentation, it is aimed to present new and current developments about the adequacy and evaluation of the techniques used to distinguish between central and peripheral vestibular syndrome and their importance in neurology.