Zeynep Ceren ÇELİK, Çiğdem ELBEK ÇUBUKÇU, Sevde Gül BATMAZ

Exploring the discoloration potential of Propolis extract and Morus nigra syrup on restorative dental composites: an in vitro study

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Morus nigra, phenolic content, propolis, discoloration

Exploring the discoloration potential of Propolis extract and Morus nigra syrup on restorative dental composites: an in vitro study

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse color stability of dental composites immersed in Propolis extract and Morus nigra syrup at in-vitro conditions simulating clinical usage time intervals and to explore the relationship between discoloration potential and phenolic contents. Material and Method: A total of 126 composite discs of nanohybrid (n=42), microfilled (n=42) and microhybrid (n=42) were prepared using a Teflon mold with a diameter/thickness of 6 mm/2 mm. After polishing procedures, composites were subdivided into three and immersed into %15 Propolis extract with total phenolic content=53 mg GAE/ml (B’eeo, İstanbul) and Morus nigra syrup with total phenolic content=25 mg GAE/100 g dw (Hünnap, İstanbul) and distilled water for 12 hours(T1) and 24 hours (T2) simulating 1-year and 2-year time spans respectively. Color measurements were performed by Vita easy Shade Compact (Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Sackingen, Germany) prior to immersion and analysed by CIEDE2000 formula. Result: Between T0 and T2, minimum/maximum color change values (ΔE) of nanohybrid, microfilled and microhybrid composites immersed in Propolis and Morus nigra syrup were 1,24/5,29 and 0,97/2,65 respectively. Nanohybrid composite discs were discolored within clinically acceptable limits in all test solutions. Microfilled and microhybrid composite discs showed clinically unacceptable discoloration at T1 and T2 periods in Propolis extract solution. Conclusion: The phenolic and flavonoid components of herbal formulations can be considered as one of the major determinants in discoloring potential.

Keywords:

Morus nigra, phenolic content, propolis, discoloration,

PDF

___

Yildiz E, Sirin Karaarslan E, Simsek M, Ozsevik AS, Usumez A. Color stability and surface roughness of polished anterior restorative materials. Dent Mater J 2015; 34: 629-39
Karadas M, Demirbuga S. Evaluation of Color Stability and Surface Roughness of Bulk-Fill Resin Composites and Nanocomposites. Meandros Med Dent J 2017; 18: 199-205
Backes CN, França FMG, Turssi CP, Amaral FLBD, Basting RT. Color stability of a bulk-fill composite resin light-cured at different distances. Braz Oral Res 2020; 34: e119.
Korkut B, Haciali C. Color Stability of Flowable Composites in Different Viscosities Clin Exp Health Sci 2020; 10: 454-61
Polumackanycz M, Wesolowski M, Viapiana A. Morus alba L. and Morus nigra L. Leaves as a Promising Food Source of Phenolic Compounds with Antioxidant Activity. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2021; 76(4): 458-465.
Ozdal T, Ceylan FD, Eroglu N, Kaplan M, Olgun EO, Capanoglu E. Investigation of antioxidant capacity, bioaccessibility and LC-MS/MS phenolic profile of Turkish Propolis. Food Res Int 2019; 122: 528-36.
Thomas MS, Denny C. Medication-related tooth discoloration: a review. Dent Update. 2014; 41: 440-7.
Watts A, Addy M. Tooth discoloration and staining: a review of the literature. Br Dent J 2001; 190: 309-16.
Anggono J, Damiyanti M, Eriwati YK. Effect of cinnamon extract solution on teeth enamel color. IOP Conf. Series: J Phy 2018; 1073: 032025.
Gürdal P, Güniz Akdeniz B, Hakan Sen B. The effects of mouthrinses on micro - hardness and color stability of aesthetic restorative materials. J Oral Rehab 2002; 29: 895–901.
Ertürk-Avunduk AT, Aksu S, Delikan E. The Effects of mouthwashes on the color stability of resin-based restorative materials. Odovtos Int J Dent Sci 2021; 23: 91-102.
del Mar Perez M, Ghinea R, Herrera LJ, et al. Dental ceramics : a CIEDE2000 acceptability thresholds for lightness , chroma and hue differences . J Dent 2011; 39: e 37-e44
Ghinea R, Pérez MM, Herrera LJ, Rivas MJ, Yebra A, Paravina RD. Color difference thresholds in dental ceramics. J Dent 2010; 38: e57-e64
Kamiloglu S, Serali O, Unal N, Capanoglu E. Antioxidant activity and polyphenol composition of black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) products. J Berry Res 2013; 3: 41–51
Patel AS, Patel SA, Fulzele PR, Mohod SC, Chandak M, Patel SS. Evaluation of the role of Propolis and a new herbal ointment in promoting healing of traumatic oral ulcers: an animal experimental study. Contemp Clin Dent 2020; 11: 121-5.
Korkut S, Karadağ S, Levent Çınar S. The Effect of Oral Care with Black Mulberry Syrup on Oral Mucositis in Patients With COPD: A Mixed Study Altern Ther Health Med 2021; AT6430.
Kharouf N, Haikel Y, Ball V. Polyphenols in Dental Applications. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7: 72.
Deveoglu O, Karadag R. A Review on the Flavonoids – A Dye Source. Int J Adv Eng Pure Sci 2019; 3: 188-200.
Keskin M, Kolaylı S. Ticari Propolis ekstraktlarının kalite parametreleri açısından karşılaştırılması. Uludag Bee J 2019; 19: 43-9.
Özgen M, Serçe S, Kaya C. Phytochemical and antioxidant properties of anthocyanin-rich Morus nigra and Morus rubra fruits. Sci Hortic 2009; 119: 275–9.
Gonçalves S, Gomes D, Costa P, Romano A. The phenolic content and antioxidant activity of infusions from Mediterra-nean medicinal plants. Ind Crops Prod 2013; 43: 465–71.
Yazici AR, Celik C, Dayangaç B, Ozgünaltay G. The effect of curing units and staining solutions on the color stability of resin composites. Oper Dent. 2007; 32: 616-22.
Ergücü Z, Türkün LS, Aladag A. Color stability of nanocomposites polished with one-step systems. Oper Dent. 2008; 33: 413-20.
Kocaagaoglu H, Aslan T, Gürbulak A, Albayrak H, Taşdemir Z, Gumus H. Efficacy of polishing kits on the surface roughness and color stability of different composite resins. Niger J Clin Pract. 2017; 20: 557-65.
Ozkanoglu S, G Akin EG. Evaluation of the effect of various beverages on the color stability and microhardness of restorative materials. Niger J Clin Pract. 2020; 23: 322-8.
Waly GH, El Sharkawy F. Hydrogen peroxide bleaching effects on surface roughness, color and staining susceptibility of microhybrid and nanocomposite. J Am Sci. 2012; 8: 190-9.
Reddy PS, Tejaswi KLS, Shetty S, Annapoorna BM, Pujari SC, Thippeswamy HM. Effects of commonly consumed beverages on surface roughness and color stability of the nano, microhybrid and hybrid composite resins: an in vitro study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013; 14: 718-23.
Backes CN, FranÇa FMG, Turssi CP, Amaral FLBD, Basting RT. Color stability of a bulk-fill composite resin light-cured at different distances. Braz Oral Res 2020; 34: e119.
Mailart MC, Rocha RS, Contreras SC, Torres CR, Borges AB, Caneppele TM. Effects of artificial staining on bulk-filled resin composites. Am J Dent 2018; 31: 144-8.
Poggio C, Beltrami R, Scribante A, Colombo M, Chiesa M. Surface discoloration of composite resins: Effects of staining and bleaching. Dent Res J 2012; 9: 567-73.