A Comparative analysis of world health systems and Covid-19

Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which causes severe airway problems, first emerged in the Chinese city of Wuhan. The virus led to a pandemic that affected the entire world. COVID-19 affects not only health, but also economic and social life. The emergence of this pandemic has led to health systems across the world being questioned. The aim of this study was to assess the adequacy of world health systems in the face of this pandemic. Method: Twelve countries were selected and analyzed in the study. The choice of these countries was determined by the number of COVID-19 cases and deaths. Information concerning health systems and COVID-19 was obtained from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2018, World Health Organization 2020 and Deep Knowledge Group data and was subjected to statistical analysis. Results: According to the analysis, the country with the highest investment in health expenditures is the United States (10586 US dollars/capita), and Germany stands out as the best in health services. Another finding is the first and second wave of COVID-19 was identified as the USA with the highest case and death rate (First wave cases 1.942.363 and deaths 110.514; second wave cases at 7.419.230 and deaths 2.09.450) Conclusions: As a result of the meta-analysis, it is revealed that only socio-economic power is not enough, countries with good health systems are more successful in the pandemic. In addition, the analysis once again reveal how important health systems are in the face of such a pandemic.

Keywords:

meta-analysis, health system, COVID-19, coronavirus pandemic, wave,

PDF

___

1. Hui, D.S., Azhar, I. E., Madani, T.A., Ntoumi, F., Kock, R., Dar, O., Ippolito, G., Mchugh, T.D., Memish, Z.A., Drosten, C., Zumla, A., Petersen, E., 2020. The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health – The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China. Int J Infect Dis. 91, 264-266. https:// doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009
2. World Health Organization (WHO) (a) (2020). Naming the coronavirus disease (Covid-19) and the virus that causes it. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance/naming-the-coronavirus-disease-(covid-2019)-and-the-virus-that-causes-it (Date of Access: 23.04. 2020).
3. Vlachakis, P.K., Tentolouris, A., Tousoulis, D., Tentolouris, N., 2020. Current data on the cardiovascular effects of the COVID-19. Hellenic J Cardiol. pii: S1109-9666(20)30063-4. https:// doi: 10.1016/j.hjc.2020.04.001
4. Özbay, H., Öncül, H.G., Gökçimen, M., Arı, H.O., Mollohaliloğlu, S., 2007. Sağlık sektörü finansmanı Türkiye’de sağlığa bakış, Ankara, Sağlık Bakanlığı.
5. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OCED) (2020). Healty and Finance. https://data.oecd.org/ (Date of Access: 05.05. 2020)
6. Bradley, C.R., Ayliffe, G.A.J., 2018. Hospital infections in Birmingham, England, in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. J Hosp Infect 100, 9-12. https://doi.org:10.1016/j.jhin.2018.06.027
7. World Health Organization (WHO) (x) (2020). WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. https://covid19.who.int/table. 2020/10/08, 02:00 pm (Date of Access: 08.10. 2020).
8.Nicola, M., O'Neill, N., Sohrabi, C., Khan, M., Agha, M., Agha, R., 2020. Evidence based management guideline for the Covid-19 pandemic - Review Article. Int J Surg. 77, 206-216. https:// doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.04.001
9. Velavan, T.P., Meyer, C.G., 2020. The Covid-19 epidemic. Trop Med Int Health. 25, 278-280. https:// doi: 10.1111/tmi.13383
10. Şahin, A., Aslan, A., Baş, O., İkinci, A., Özyılmaz, C., Fikret, S.O., Çolakoğlu, S., Odacı, E., 2015. Deleterious impacts of a 900MHz electromagnetic field on hippocampal pyramidal neurons of 8-week-old Sprague Dawley male rats. Brain Res. 1624, 232-8. https:// doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.07.042
11. Keleş, A.İ., Sapmaz, T., Erol, H.S., Süt, B.B., Keleş, G., Odacı, E., Polat, S., Halıcı, M.B., 2019. The effect of 900-megahertz electromagnetic field exposure in the first and middle adolescent period on the spleen in male rats: A biochemical and histopathological study. Duzce Med J. 21, 192-196. https:// doi: 10.18678/dtfd.608616
12. Zhou, F., Yu, T., Du, R., Fan, G., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Xiang, J., Wang, Y., Song, B., Gu, X., Guan, L., Wei, Y., Li, H., Wu, X., Xu, J., Tu, S., Zhang, Y., Chen, H., Cao, B., 2020. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 395(10229), 1054-1062. https:// doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3
13. Vardavas, C.I., Katerina, N., 2020. COVID-19 and smoking: a systematic review of the evidence. Tob Induc Dis. 20, 18:20. https:// doi: 10.18332/tid/119324
14. Deep Knowledge Group (DKG) (2020). https://www.dkv.global/covid (Date of Access: 08.06. 2020).