The value of aminophylline therapy in premature infants with respiratory distress was searched in a group of 56 cases who were admitted to the Neonatology Unit, Departmant of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuzmayis University, Samsun, Turkey. Silverman scores, arterail blood gases (pH, PO2, PC02) and chest x-rays were taken as Criteries in the diagnosis of respiratory distress. Clinical findings and blood gases showed statistically significant improvment in the aminophylline treated group to the aminophylline group. Our findings as parallel to the literatüre lead to the aminophylline group. Our findgs as parallel to the literatüre lead to the conclusion that aminophylline trial is useful in premature infants with respiratory distress of various causes.