The objective of this study is to determine the possible genotoxic effects of the para-hydroxybenzoic acid esters (Parabens) of ethylparaben and butylparaben used as preservative substances in the food, cosmetic and drug industries on Drosophila melanogaster with the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART). In our study, two different mutant strains of D. melanogaster known as the fruit fly with recessive flr3 and mwh identifier genes in its genome were used. The trans-heterozygous larvae of 72±4 hours obtained as a result of the crossbreeding between these two mutant strains were fed chronically with various concentrations (100, 150, 200 and 250mM) of ethylparaben and butylparaben. In addition, experimental setups for control groups have been prepared using ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and distilled water. Wing preparates of the full-grown individuals developed from these larvae have been prepared and these preparates have been examined under a microscope. According to the data obtained from microscopic analysis, no significant increase has been determined in all type clone number of ethylparaben and butylparaben groups in comparison with the control group. This has been determined to have negative (-) or insignificant (i) effects on the control group statistically (P>0.05). As a result of the data we obtained, it has been concluded that parabens show toxic effects, although no genotoxic effects on D. melanogaster