Teknolojik Gelişme ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Yükselen Ekonomiler Örneği

Teknoloji, sadece sektörler veya firmalar ölçeğinde değil aynı zamanda ülkeler açısından da büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bununla birlikte, ülkelerin kalkınmışlık ve gelişmişlik düzeylerini de belirleme noktasında ciddi bir etkileyici değişken olarak görülmektedir. Bu açıdan; teknoloji ile aynı zamansal süreçte yürümek ülkelerin ulusal hedefleri için vazgeçilmez olmalıdır. Özellikle, yükselen ekonomiler için büyümenin itici gücü olarak teknolojik gelişmeler büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yükselen ekonomilerde teknolojik gelişmelerin büyümeye olan etkisini analiz ederek, panel eşbütünleme metodu yardımı ile bulmaya çalışmaktır. Analizin sonuç kısmına bakıldığında, değişkenlerin uzun süreli ilişkileri belirlenmiştir. Uzun dönem katsayı tahminlerine bakıldığında, AR-GE ve PA değişkeni GSYİH üzerinde olumlu açıdan istatistik anlamlı bir ilişki ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu açıdan AR-GE değişkeni GSYİH değişkenini %26,8 oranında arttırmaktadır. Diğer taraftan, PA değişkeni GSYİH değişkenini %20,5 arttırmaktadır. Son olarak, AR-GE ve PA değişkenlerinden GSYİH’ye doğru nedensellik tek yönlü olarak bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Teknolojik Gelişme, Büyüme, Panel Veri Analizi

The Relationship of Technological Development and Economic Growth: A Case of Emerging Economies

Technology is of great importance not only at the scale of sectors or companies, but also for countries. However, it is seen as a serious influencing variable in determining the level of development. Technological developments have a great role in terms of the driving force of growth, especially for emerging economies. The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of technological developments on growth in emerging economies and try to find them with the help of panel cointegration method. As a result of the analysis, the long-term relationships of the variables were determined. Looking at long-term coefficient estimates, statistically a significant relationship emerged on R&D and PA variable on GDP. In this respect, the R&D variable increases the GDP variable by 26.8%. On the other hand, the PA variable increases the GDP variable by 20,5%. Finally, causality from R&D and PA variables to GDP was found to be one-way causality.

Keywords:

Technological Development, Growth, Panel Data Analysis,

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