Abdurrahim AYDIN, Remzi EKER

Kaya yuvarlanmalarından etkilenen orman alanlarının belirlenmesi: İnebolu örneği

Kaya yuvarlanmalarına karşı potansiyel koruyucu ormanların belirlenmesi, önemli ölçüde koruma sağladıkları için son derece önemlidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Özlüce Orman İşletme Şefliği’nde (İnebolu, Türkiye) örnek bir çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlk olarak potansiyel kaya yuvarlanması kaynak bölgeleri (PKYKB), tek bir girdi olarak Sayısal Yükseklik Modeli (SYM) kullanan RollFree yazılımı ile belirlenerek haritalanmıştır. Daha sonra, çok düşük (düşük yayılım sınırlarını gösteren), düşük, orta ve yüksek şeklinde sınıflandırılan maksimum birikme bölgesi olası sınırlarını elde etmek için farklı senaryolarda, yani dört farklı enerji hattı açısı (28°, 32°, 35° and 38°) için kaya blokları yayılım haritalarının oluşturulmasında ampirik enerji hattı açısı (EHA) yaklaşımı ile düşen kaya bloklarının hareket mesafelerin tespiti ile elde edilmiştir. Kaya yuvarlanmasına karşı koruyucu fonksiyona sahip orman alanlarının belirlenmesi için üretilen kaya yuvarlanması yayılım haritaları meşcere haritası ile çakıştırılmıştır. Yüksek olasılıklı yayılım haritalarına göre toplam ormanlık alanın sadece %9’u kaya yuvarlanmasına karşı koruyucu fonksiyon görürken, çok düşük olasılıklı yayılım haritasına göre ormanlık alanların %17’si koruyucu fonksiyon görmektedir.

Forest mapping against rockfalls on a regional scale in Inebolu of Turkey

Determining areas where forest plantations provide protection against rockfall is significant in the prevention of disasters. In this paper, a case study is conducted in the Özlüce Forest District of İnebolu, Turkey. Potential rockfall source areas are firstly calculated and mapped via RollFree, which uses a digital elevation model as the only input. The rockfall travel distance is then identified using an empirical energy line angle to create propagation maps for different scenarios (using a set of four angles: 28°, 32°, 35°, and 38°). By marking the lower boundaries of propagation, the maximum run-out zone of a fallen block is determined as having a very low, low, medium, or high probability of occurrence (marking the lower boundaries of propagation). These propagation maps are then overlapped with a forest stand map to define areas where the forest provides a protective function against rockfall. According to propagation maps that indicate a high probability of occurrence, only 9% of the total forest area is found to be capable of playing a protective role, whereas for those determined as having a low probability of occurrence, 17% of the forest area provides a protective function.

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