Cenk Gökçe ADAŞ, Yrd. Doç. Dr. Cenk ADAŞ

HOW SERIOUS IS THE PROBLEM OF MONOPOLY?

Bu çalışma, monopol yapının neden olduğu refah kayıpları için bir literatür taraması sağlamaktadır. 1954 yılından beri iktisatçılar, farklı tahmin teknikleri kullanarak monopolün sosyal maliyetlerini ölçmeye çalışmışlardır. Refah kayıplarını hesaplamak için en sık kullanılan ölçme metodu tüketici artığı olmuştur. 1950' lerde ve 1960'larda monopol büyük bir problem olarak düşünülmemiştir. Yapılan hesaplamalar göstermiştir ki refah kayıpları GSMH'nınyalnızca %1'ine eşittir. Bununla beraber, 1970'lerde ve 1980'lerde bu düşünce değişmiş ve monopollerin kötü olduğu kabul edilmiştir.

HOW SERIOUS IS THE PROBLEM OF MONOPOLY?

This paper provides a survey of literature for the welfare losses due to monopoly. Since 1954 economists have been trying to measure the social costs of monopolies by using different estimation techniques. The measure most frequently used to calculate the welfare losses has been consumer surplus. In 1950s and 1960s monopoly was not thought to be a big problem. The estimations showed that it only generated a loss equal to 1% of GNP. However, in 1970s and 1980s this thought has changed, and it has been accepted that monopolies are a real bad.

Keywords:

monopoly economist, social costs,

PDF

___

Bergson-1973] A. Bergson. "On Monopoly Welfare Losses". The American Economic Review, 63: 853-870, December 1973.
Bumpass-1976] D. L . Bumpass. "Welfare Loss Due to Monopoly". Journal of Economics, 11: 90-93, 1976.
Carson-1975] R. Carson. "On Monopoly Welfare Losses: Comment". The American Economic Review, 65: 1008-1014, December 1975.
Cowling-1978] K. Cowling and D. Mueller. "The Social Costs of Moı nopoly Power". The Economic Journal, 88: 727-748, December 1978.
Fisher-1985] F. M. Fisher. "The Social Costs of Monopoly and regulation: Posner reconsidered". Journal of Political Economy, 93(21): 410-416, 1985.
Harberger-1954] A. C. Harberger. "Monopoly and Resource Allocaı tion". The American Economic Review, 45: 77-87, May 1954.
Kamerschen-1966] D. R. Kamerschen. "An Estimation of the Welfare losses from Monopoly in the American Economy". Western Economic Journal, 4: 221-236, Summer 1966.
Littlechild-1981] S. C. Littlechild. "Misleading Calculations of the Social Cost of Monopoly Power". The Economic Journal, 91: 348-363, June 1981.
Masson-1984] R. T. Masson and J. Shaanan. "Social Costs of Oligopoly and the Value of Competition". The Economic Journal, 94: 520-535, Sepı tember 1984.
Olson-1983] D. O. Olson and D. L . Bumpass. " A n Intertemporal Analysis of the Welfare Cost of Monopoly Power ". Working Paper, Texas Tech University, 1983.
Posner-1975] R. A. Posner. "The Social Costs of Monopoly and Reguı lation". Journal of Political Economy, 83(4): 807-827, August 1975.
Sawyer-1980] M Sawyer. "Monopoly Welfare Loss in the United Kingdom". The Manchester School, p. 331-354, 1980.
Scherer-1980] F. M . Scherer. Industrial Structure and Economic Per- formance, Chicago: Rand McNally.
Schwartzman-1960] D. Schwartzman. "The Burden of Monopoly". Journal of Political Economy, 68: 627-630, December 1960.
Siegfried-1974] J. J. Siegfried and T. K. Tiemann. "The Welfare cost of Monopoly: An Inter-Industry Analysis". Economic Inquiry, 12: 190-202, June 1974.
Stigler-1956] G. Stigler. "The Statistics of Monopoly and Merger". Journal of Political Economy, 64: 33-40, February 1956.
Worcester-1975] D. A. Worcester. "On Monopoly Welfare Losses: Com- ment". The American Economic Review, 65: 1015-1023, December 1975.