SICAK İKLİM ŞARTLARI ALTINDA İÇ DİZAYN SICAKLIĞI, TERMAL ÖZELLİKLER VE YALITIM KALINLIĞININ BELİRLENMESİ

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, yıl boyunca ısıl performans açısından farklı yönlendirmelere göre belirlenen iç dizayn sıcaklıkları ile ısıtma ve soğutma periyotlarını, ısı transfer karakteristikleri ve optimum yalıtım kalınlığının hesabında kullanmaktır. Bu çalışma, Türkiyenin Adana şehrinin iklim şartları için dinamik termal şartlar altında gerçekleştiriliyor. İlk olarak; 20, 22, 24 oC iç dizayn sıcaklıklarına göre yalıtımsız ve yalıtımlı duvarlar için ısıtma ve soğutma geçiş yükleri belirleniyor. Minimum ısıtma ve soğutma geçiş yükleri açısından bütün yıl üzerinden belirlenen iç dizayn sıcaklıklarını kullanarak değişik duvar yönlendirmeleri için yıllık geçiş yükleri, yıllık ortalama dinamik termal direnç, yıllık ortalama faz kayması ve sönüm oranı belirleniyor. Daha sonra ısıtma ve soğutma periyotları üzerinden belirlenen bu yükler yalıtım kalınlığının optimizasyonu için kullanılıyor. Yalıtımsız duvarda güney, kuzey, doğu ve batı yönleri için yıllık ısıtma yükü sırasıyla 73.54, 138.44, 117.62 ve 117.62 MJ/m2 olarak elde edilirken, yıllık soğutma yükü sırasıyla 221.37, 152.81, 229.14 ve 229.14 MJ/m2 olarak elde edilmiştir. Adananın iklim şartları altında soğutma yükünün ısıtma yükünden daha baskın olduğu görülüyor. Ayrıca, en kısa soğutma periyodunun kuzeyde elde edildiği, en uzun soğutma periyodunun ise güneyde elde edildiği görülüyor. Adana için optimum yalıtım kalınlığı; güney, kuzey, doğu ve batı yönleri için sırasıyla 8.4, 8.0, 9.2 and 9.2 cm olarak elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlar iç dizayn sıcaklığı ve yalıtımın; ısıtma, soğutma ve toplam geçiş yükleri üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğunu gösteriyor. Ayrıca, sonuçlar duvar yönlendirmenin ısıtma ile soğuma periyotları üzerinde ve dinamik termal direnç, faz kayması ve optimum yalıtım kalınlığı üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğunu da gösteriyor.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Termal performans, İç dizayn sıcaklığı, Yalıtım kalınlığının optimizasyonu, Dinamik termal şart

DETERMINATION OF INDOOR DESIGN TEMPERATURE, THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS AND INSULATION THICKNESS UNDER HOT CLIMATE CONDITIONS

The base purpose of this work is to use interior design temperatures and the heating and cooling periods, which are determined according to different wall orientations in terms of thermal performance throughout the year, in the calculation of heat transfer characteristics and optimum insulation thickness. This work is realized under dynamic thermal conditions for the climatic conditions of Adana, Turkey. Firstly, the transmission loads for both heating and cooling are determined for uninsulated and insulated walls according to indoor design temperatures: 20, 22, 24 oC. Annual transmission loads, annual average dynamic thermal resistance, annual average time lag, and decrement factor for various wall directions are calculated by using indoor design temperatures determined over the whole year from minimum heating and cooling transmission loads point of view. Then, these loads determined overheating and cooling periods are used for the optimization of insulation thickness. In the uninsulated wall, yearly cooling load is obtained to be 221.37, 152.81, 229.14 and 229.14 MJ/m2 for the south, north, east and west orientations, respectively while yearly heating load is obtained to be 73.54, 138.44, 117.62 and 117.62 MJ/m2. It is observed that the cooling load is more dominant than the heating load under the climate conditions of Adana. It is also observed that the longest cooling period is obtained in south orientation while the shortest cooling period is obtained in north orientation. The optimum thickness of the insulation for Adana is obtained to be 8.4, 8.0, 9.2 and 9.2 cm for south, north, east and west orientations, respectively. The results indicate that the indoor design temperatures and insulation have a significant effect on heating, cooling and total transmission loads. Besides, the results reveal that the wall orientation has an important effect on heating and cooling periods, dynamic thermal resistance, time lag and optimum insulation thickness.

Keywords:

Thermal performance, Indoor design temperature, Optimization of insulation thickness, dynamic thermal condition,

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