Firdevs Rozan TUŞAR, Kemal GÜVEN, Fatma MATPAN BEKLER, Nazlı POLAT

Termofilik Bakterilerden Ekzopolisakkarit Üretimi ve Optimizasyonu

Ekzopolisakkaritler (EPS), daha yüksek bitkilerden, alglerden, mantarlardan ve bakterilerden ekstrakte edilen büyük moleküler ağırlıklı karbonhidrat polimerleridir.Bu çalışmada kullanılan termofilik Bacillus zhangzhounesis 2ÇA ve Bacillus licheniformis 2ÇS, Çermik kaplıcalarından izole edilmiştir. Farklı bazal besiyerlerinde (M1, M2 ve M3), farklı karbon kaynaklarında (glikoz ve sükroz) ve farklı konsantrasyonlarda maya özütü (%w v-1: 0.05,0.1, 0.15 ve 0.2) eklenen besiyerinde 2CA ve 2CS olarak isimlendirilen bakteri suşlarının çoğalma şartları ve üretilen EPS miktarı araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca, fenol-sülfürik asit yöntemi ve Lowry yöntemi, bakterilerin ürettiği EPS'deki karbonhidrat miktarını ve protein miktarını belirlemek için sırasıyla kullanıldı. B. licheniformis 2CS için en iyi toplam EPS kuru ağırlığı, M3 ortamında (%0.2 maya özütü + %1 sükroz) 121 mg, EPS'deki karbonhidrat miktarı 333.28 µg mL-1, protein miktarı ise 0.19 µg mL-1 olarak elde edildi. Bu iki bakteri üretilen EPS'deki karbonhidrat miktarı bakımından karşılaştırıldığında, en yüksek karbonhidrat miktarının B. zhangzhounesis 2CA'daki EPS’de olduğu tespit edildi (1087.03 µg mL-1). Test edilen mikroorganizmaların ürettiği EPS'nin patojenik mikroorganizmalara (E. coli, S. aureus K. pneumoniae ve P. aeruginosa) karşı antibakteriyel aktiviteleri araştırıldı. En iyi antibakteriyel etkinin, M3 ortamında (%0.2 maya özütü + %1 sükroz) B. licheniformis 2CS bakterisinin ürettiği EPS ile E. coli'ye karşı (16 mm zon çapı ile) olduğu belirlendi.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Antibakteriyel etki, ekzopolisakkarit üretimi, termofilik bakteriler

Production and Optimization of Exopolysaccharide from Thermophilic Bacteria

Exopolysaccharides (EPS) are the large molecular weight carbohydrate polymers extracted from higher plants, algae, fungi and bacteria. The thermophilic Bacillus zhangzhounesis 2CA and Bacillus licheniformis 2CS used in the present study were isolated from Çermik hot springs. The growth conditions of the strains designated as 2CA and 2CS in different basal media (M1, M2 and M3), different carbon sources and different concentrations of yeast extract (%w v-1: 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2) and the amount of EPS produced were investigated. In addition, the phenol-sulfuric acid method and the Lowry method were used to determine the amount of carbohydrates and proteins within the EPS produced by the bacteria, respectively. The highest total EPS dry weight for B. licheniformis 2ÇS was obtained as 121 mg in M3 medium (0.2% yeast extract + 1% sucrose), carbohydrate content in EPS was 333.28 µg mL-1 and protein content was 0.19 µg mL-1. When these two bacteria were compared in terms of the amount of carbohydrates in the EPS produced, the highest amount of carbohydrates was found in EPS of B. zhangzhounesis 2CA (1087.03 µg mL-1). The antibacterial effects of EPS were investigated against pathogenic microorganisms (E. coli, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa). It was determined that the highest antibacterial activity against E. coli (with 16 mm zone diameter) was obtained with EPS produced by B. licheniformis 2ÇS bacteria in M3 medium (0.2% yeast extract + 1% sucrose).

Keywords:

antibacterial effect, exopolysaccharide production, thermophilic bacteria.,

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