Simple and Novel Approach for Image Representation with Application to Face Recognition

In this paper, a new statistical image descriptor for the face recognition problem is proposed. To the best of our knowledge, no one has attempted to implement this approach before. The idea is simple and straight forward. For each face image, a feature descriptor is formed by concatenating 4 vectors together. These four vectors are formed by taking the sum of pixels in four different directions, namely; row sum (0), column sum (90), diagonal sum (45) and antidiagonal sum (−45). For test purposes, the generated feature descriptor is used in face recognition problem. The experiments are carried out on two different face databases namely; ORL and PUT databases. Simulation results show that the proposed approach gave a comparative performance to the well-known feature extraction algorithms in face recognition

___

[1] M. Turk, A. Pentland, Eigenfaces for Recognition, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, vol. 3, pp. 71–86, 0898-929X, 1991.

[2] A. Pentland, B. Moghaddam, T. Starner, View Based and Modular Eigenspaces for Face Recognition, In Proceedings of Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 84–91, 0- 8186-5825-8, IEEE Computer Society, USA, June 1994.

[3] P. Belhumeur, J. Hespanha, D. Kriegman, Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: Recognition Using Class Specific Linear Projection. IEEE Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 771–720, July 1997.

[4] W. Zhao, R. Chellappa, N. Nandhakumarm, Empirical Performance Analysis of Linear Discriminant Classifiers. In Proceedings of Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 164–169, 0-8186-5825-8, IEEE Computer Society, Canada, June 1998.

[5] L. Wiskott, J.-M. Fellous, N. Kruger, C. von der Malsburg, Face Recognition by Elastic Bunch Graph Matching, IEEE Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 775–779, July 1997.

[6] C. Liu, H. Wechsler, Independent Component Analysis of Gabor Features for Face Recognition, IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 919–928, 2003.

[7] B. Manjunath, R. Chellappa, C. von der Malsburg, A Feature Based Approach to Face Recognition. In: Proc. IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 373–378, 1992.

[8] R.M. Haralick, K. Shanmugam, I. Dinstein, Textural Features for Image Classification, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 610–621, 1973.

[9] A. Gelzinis, Verikasa, M. Bacauskienea, Increasing the Discrimination Power of the Co-Occurrence Matrix-based Features, Pattern Recognition, vol. 40, pp. 2367–2372, 2004.

[10] N. Jhanwar, S. Chaudhuri, G. Seetharaman, B. Zavidovique, Content Based Image Retrieval Using Motif Co-Occurrence Matrix, Image Vision Computing, vol. 22, pp. 1211–1220, 2004.

[11] R.F. Walker, P.T. Jackway, D. Longstaff, Genetic Algorithm Optimization of Adaptive Multi-Scale GLCM Features, International Journal on Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence, vol. 17, no. 1, pp.17–39, 2003.

[12] P. Chang, J. Krumm. Object Recognition with Color Co Occurrence Histograms. IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CO, USA, June 1999.

[13] A. Eleyan, H. Demirel, Co-occurrence Matrix and its Statistical Features as a New Approach for Face Recognition, Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, vol.19, vo.1, pp.97-107, 2011.

[14] T. Ojala, M. Pietika¨inen, and D. Harwood, A Comparative Study of Texture Measures with Classification Based on Feature Distributions, Pattern Recognition, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 51-59, 1996.

[15] T. Ojala, M. Pietikainen, and T. Maenpaa, Multi-resolution Gray Scale and Rotation Invariant Texture Analysis with Local Binary Patterns, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 24, no. 7, pp. 971- 987, 2002.

[16] A. Kasiński, A. Florek, A. Schmidt, The PUT Face Database, Image Processing & Communications, vol. 13, no. 3-4, pp. 59-64, 2008.

[17] G. Eleyan, A. Eleyan, A New Feature Descriptor for Face Recognition. The International Technology Management Conference ITMC2015, pp. 83-85, Antalya, Turkey, May 2015.