ANATOMICAL AND PALYNOLOGICAL STUDIES ON ENDEMIC Verbascum weidemannianum Fisch. & Mey. (SCROPHULARIACEAE) IN TURKEY

In this study, the anatomical, palynological and karyological properties of Verbascum weidemannium Fisch. & Mey. growing around Sivas in Anatolian part of Turkey were investigated for the first time. As a result of root and stem anatomy studies showed that both organs are in secondary structure. Cambium consists of 2-3 cell layer in root and 2-4 cell layer in stem. Leaves have dendroid hair on both surfaces. According to mesophyll layer leaf is bifacial. Stomata are anomositic and located on both surface. Sepals have dendroid hairs on both surface and have 7-11 cell layered chlorenchyma. Petals are covered single layered papillose cubic and rectangular epidermis cells in upper surface and nonpapillose cells in lower surface. The filament is approximately triangular shaped in crooss-section and vascular bundle is concentric-hadrocentric. Pollen grains of V. wiedemannianum are tricolpate, oblate-spheroidal; P/E ratio is 0.98 and exine ornamentation is reticulate.

Keywords:

anatomy, endemic palynology, Verbascum weidemannianum,

PDF

___

Al-Hadeethy M., Al-Mashhadani A., Al-Khesraji T., Barusrux S., Al-Jewari H., Theerakulpisut P., Pornpongrungrueng P., 2014. Pollen morphology of Verbascum L. (Scrophulariaceae) in Northern and Central Iraq. Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy, 21(2):159-165.
Bani B., Adıgüzel N., Karavelioğulları F.A., 2010. A new species (Verbascum turcicum sp. nov. (Scrophulariaceae) from South Anatolia, Turkey. Annales Botanici Fennici, 47: 489-492.
Baytop T., 1984. Therapy with medicinal plants in Turkey (Past and Present), Publications of the Istanbul University, Istanbul.
Baytop T., 1999. Therapy wih Medicinal Plants in Turkey (Past and Present), Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri Ltd., Istanbul.
Dane F., Yılmaz G., 2005. New records for the flora of European Turkey: Verbascum roripifolium and V. ovalifolium ssp. thracicum (Scrophulariaceae). Botanica Chronica, 18(2):11-16.
Dane F., Yılmaz G., 2006. “Reports (1462-1465)” Mediterranean Chromosome Number Reports-16, Flora Mediterranea, 396-399.
Dane F., Yılmaz G., 2009. A new natural hybrid of Verbascum (Scrophulariaceae) from European Turkey. Phytologia Balcanica, 15(2):159-162.
Davis P.H., Mill R.R., Tan K., 1988. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, (Suppl. 1) Edinburgh Univ. Press. Edinburgh.
Ekim T. 2000. Verbascum L. In: (Eds.): Güner, A., N. Özhatay, T. Ekim and K.H.C. Başer. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands (Suppl. 2), Edinburgh Univ. Press. Edinburgh.
Erdtman, G. 1952. Pollen Morphology and Plant Taxonomy. Angiosperms. Almqvist & Wiksell, Stockholm. Heywood, V.H. 1993. Flowering Plants of the World. Oxford University Press. New York.
Huber-Morath, A. 1978. Verbascum L. In: (Ed.): P.H. Davis. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 6. pp. 461-603. Edinburgh Univ. Press. Edinburgh.
Inceoğlu O., 1982. Pollen grains in some Turkish Rhinantheae (Scrophulariaceae). Grana, 21: 83-96.
Jensen W.A., 1962. Botanical histochemistry: principles and practice. WH Freeman and Company, London.
Juan R., Pastor J., Fernandez I., 1999. Morphological and anatomical studies of Linaria species from Southwest Spain: Seeds. Annals of Botany, 84:11-19.
Juan R., Pastor J., Fernandez I., 2000. SEM and light microscope observations of fruit and seeds in Scrophulariceae from Southwest Spain and their systematic significance. Annals of Botany, 86:323-338.
Kahraman C., Akdemir Z., Tatlı İ., 2012. Promising cytotoxic activity profile, biological activities and phytochemical screening of Verbascum L. species. Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Science and Biotechnology, 6:63-75.
Karavelioğulları F.A., 2009b. A new record of Verbascum szovitsianum Boiss. var. szovitsianum (Scrophulariaceae) from Turkey. Biodicon, 2(2):68-70.
Karavelioğulları F.A., Çelik S., Başer B., 2005. Morphological and autecological study Verbascum suworowianum (K. Koch) O. Kuntze. var. suworowianum and var. papillosum (Murb.) Hub.Mor. (Scrophulariaceae) in the Northeast Anatolia. International Journal of Botany, 1(1):79-84.
Karavelioğulları F.A., Çelik S., Başer B., Yavru A., 2011. Verbascum ergin-hamzaoglui (Scrophulariaceae), a new species from South Anatolia, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Botany, 35:275-283.
Karavelioğulları F.A., Duran A., Hamzaoglu E., 2004. Verbascum tuna-ekimii (Scrophulariaceae) a new species from Turkey. Annales Botanici Fennici, 41:227-231.
Karavelioğulları F.A., Ocak A., Ekici M., Cabi E., 2009a. Verbascum eskisehirensis sp. nov. (Scrophulariaceae) from central Anatolia, Turkey. Nordic Journal of Botany, 27:222-227.
Karavelioğulları F.A., Uzunhisarcıklı M.E., Çelik S., 2008. Verbascum ozturkii (Scrophulariaceae), a new species from East Anatolia, Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 40(4):1595-1599.
Karavelioğulları F.A., Vural M., Polat H., 2006. Two new taxa from Central Anatolia Turkey. Israel J. Pl. Sci., 54(2): 105-111.
Karim, F.M., El-Oqlah A.A., 1989. Palynological studies in the family Scrophulariaceae from Jordan and Iraq. Pollen & Spores, 31: 203-214.
Kaynak G., Daikin R., Yilmaz O., Erdogan E., 2006. Verbascum yurtkuranianum (Scrophulariaceae), a new species from northwest Anatolia, Turkey. Annales Botanici Fennici, 43:456-459.
Koktay, P. 1974. Morphological and cytological studies on Verbascum species in Istanbul area. J. Fac. Sci. Istanbul Univ., Ser. B, 39(1): 95–124.Lersten N.R,, Curtis J.D., 1997. Anatomy and distribution of foliar idioblasts in Scrophularia and Verbascum (Scrophulariaceae). American Journal of Botany, 84(12):1638-1645.
Minki J.P., Eshbaugh W.H., 1989. Pollen morphology of the Orobanchaceae and rhinanthoid Scrophulariaceae. Grana, 28:1-18.
Moore, P.D., Webb J.A., 1978. An Illustrated Guide to Pollen Analysis. Hodder & Stoughton. London.
Ozdener Y., Kutbay H.G., 2011. Physiological and biochemical responses of the leaves of Verbascum wiedemannianum Fisch. & Mey. to cadmium. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 43:1521-1525.
Ozhatay N., 2006. Check-list of additional taxa to the Supplement Flora of Turkey III. Turkish Journal of Botany, 30:281-316.
Parolly G., Tan K., 2007. Verbascum lindae (Scrophulariaceae), a new species from S.W. Anatolia. Willdenowia, 37:277-282.
Parolly G., Eren O., 2008. Verbascum haraldi-adnani (Scrophulariaceae), a new chasmo- phytic species from S.W. Anatolia, Turkey. Willdenowia, 38:127-134.
Punt W., Hoen P.P., Blackmore S., Nilsson S., Le Thomas, A., 2007. Glossary of pollen and spore terminology. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 143(1-2):1-81.
Turker A.U., Camper N., 2002. Biological activity of common mullein, a medicinal plant. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 82:117-125.
Sutory K., 2001. Two new hybrids of Verbascum from Turkey and Spain. Bocconea, 13:457- 460.
Sutory K., 2004. New hybrids of Verbascum (Scrophulariaceae) from Turkey. Turkish Journal of Botany, 28:261-262.
Tepe B., Sökmen M., Akpulat H.A., Yumrutaş O., Sökmen A., 2006. Screening of antioxidative properties of the methanolic extracts of Pelargonium endlicherianum Fenzl., Verbascum wiedemannianum Fisch. & Mey., Sideritis libanotica Labill. subsp. linearis (Bentham) Borm., Centaurea mucronifera DC. and Hieracium cappadocicum Freyn from Turkish flora. Food Chemistry, 98:9-13.
Vargehese T.M., 1986. Studies in the family Scrophulariaceae, I. Pollen morphology. Palynological Society of India. Journal of Palynology, 4(2):91-97.
Vujičič R., Grubušič D., Konjevič R., 1993. Scanning electron microscopy of the seed coat in the genus Paulownia (Scrophulariaceae). Botanical Journal of Linnean Society, 111:505-511.
Vural M., Aydoğdu M., 1993. A new species from central Anatolia, Verbascum gypsicola (Scrophulariaceae). Karaca Arboretum Magazine, 2:75-78.
Yılmaz G., Dane F., 2008. Verbascum samniticum Ten. (Scrophulariaceae): a new record for the flora of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Botany, 32(5):411-414.
Yılmaz G., Dane F., 2011. Studies on V. ovalifolium and V. purpureum (Scrophulariaceae) from the vicinity of Edirne (European Turkey). Phytologia Balcanica, 17(2):205-212.
Wodehouse R.P., 1935. Pollen Grains. Their structure, identification and significance in science and medicine. McGraw-Hill, New York.