YATARAK TEDAVİ GÖREN HASTALARDA COVID-19 'UN AKUT DÖNEM PSİKİYATRİK ETKİLERİ: GERİYE DÖNÜK BİR İNCELEME

COVID-19’un ruh sağlığında ciddi etkilenme yarattığı bilinmesine rağmen, yatarak tedavi gören hastalardaki akut dönem komplikasyonlar hakkında az sayıda araştırma vardır. Bu çalışmada, konsültasyon liyezon psikiyatrisine danışılan COVID-19 enfekte hastalarda konsültasyon istenme nedeni, psikiyatrik hastalık yaygınlığı ve önerilen psikiyatrik müdahalelerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, Türkiye’de bir üniversite hastanesinde, Mart 2020- Ekim 2021 tarihleri arasında, COVID-19 nedeniyle yatarak tedavi gören 138 hastaya ait psikiyatrik konsültasyon raporlarının geriye doğru incelenmesiyle yürütülmüştür. Hastalara ait veriler elektronik tıbbi kayıtlardan elde edilmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonuçlarına göre, konsültasyon istenme nedenleri sırasıyla uykusuzluk (%26.22), kaygı/ölüm korkusu (%20.76), ajitasyon (%17.48) ve halüsinasyon/bilinçte dalgalanma (%11.47) idi. En sık konulan psikiyatrik tanılar deliryum ve uyku bozuklukları (%22.5) idi, bunları sırasıyla uyum bozukluğu (%11.6), anksiyete (%10.9) ve depresyon (%3.6) izliyordu. Hastaların % 85.5’ine medikal tedavi önerilmişti ve haloperidol en sık önerilen ajandı. Yoğun bakımda tedavi gören hastaların %44.1’i deliryum tanısı almıştı ve bunların yaşları daha yüksekti. İleri yaş, deliryum ve ölüm oranlarında artışa neden olmuştu. Bu bulgular, COVID-19 hastaları arasında psikiyatrik morbiditelerin ve deliryumun yaygın olduğuna, pandemisi sırasında konsültasyon-liyezon hizmetlerine olan ihtiyacın artabileceğine işaret etmektedir.

Acute Period Psychiatric Effects of COVID- 19 in Hospitalized Patients: A Retrospective Investigation

Although it is known that COVID-19 has a serious impact on mental health, there are few studies on the acute period complications in hospitalized patients. In this study, it has been aimed to evaluate the reason for asking for consultation, prevalence of psychiatric disease and recommended psychiatric interventions, in COVID-19 infected patients who were consulted to consultation liaison psychiatry. This study has been conducted by retrospectively examining the psychiatric consultation reports of 138 patients who were hospitalized for COVID-19 in a university hospital in Turkey between March 2020 and October 2021. Patients’ data were obtained from electronic medical records. According to the results of the analysis, the reasons for requesting a consultation were insomnia (26.22%), anxiety/fear of death (20.76%), agitation (17.48%), and hallucinations/fluctuation in consciousness (11.47%), respectively. The most common psychiatric diagnoses were delirium and sleep disorders (22.5%), these were followed respectively by adjustment disorder (11.6%), anxiety (10.9%) and depression (3.6%). Medical treatment was recommended for 85.5% of the patients, and haloperidol was the most frequently recommended agent. 44.1% of the patients treated in the intensive care unit were diagnosed with delirium and their age was higher. Advanced age caused an increase in delirium and death rates. These findings indicate that psychiatric morbidities and delirium are common among COVID-19 patients, and the need for consultation-liaison services may increase during the pandemic.

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