Katılım Bankacılığının Fon Kullandırma İşlemlerinin İstihdam Üzerine Etkilerinin Analizi: 2010:01- 2019:11

Bu çalışmada 2010:01 ile 2019:11 dönemi için aylık verilere dayanılarak İslam Katılım Bankacılığı’nın fon kullandırma işlemlerinin istihdama olan etkisi analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada çözüm; Greatl programında Vektör Otoregresif Modeller VAR ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma için oluşturulan modelde bağımlı değişken toplam istihdam N , bağımsız değişkenler; katılım bankaları Özel Sektör Kredileri PSC , Hanehalkı Kredileri HNK ve Toplam Kredilerden TPLK oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada ekonometrik model olarak çift logaritmik model kullanılmıştır. Analizlerin çözümü Greatl programında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizde ADF Birim-Kök Testi, gecikme uzunluğu, Eşbütünleşme Testi, Etki–Tepki Analizi, Varyans Ayrıştırması ve Birim Çembere Göre Var Ters Kökleri testleri yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda; PSC ile N arasında uzun dönemde negatif yönlü bir ilişki olduğu, kısa dönemde ise iki değişken arasında herhangi bir ilişkinin olmadığı, HNK ile N arasında kısa dönemde pozitif yönlü bir ilişki olduğu, uzun dönemde ise iki değişken arasında herhangi bir ilişkinin olmadığı, TPLK ile N arasında uzun dönemde pozitif yönlü bir ilişki olduğu, kısa dönemde iki değişken arasında bir ilişkinin olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İslami Bankacılık, Katılım Bankacılığı, Geleneksel Bankacılık, İstihdam, VAR.

Analysis of The Impact of Fund Transactions on Employment in Participation Banking: 2010:01- 2019:11

In this study, based on monthly data for the period 2010: 01 and 2019: 11, the effect of Islamic Participation Banking usage of funds on employment was analyzed. Solution in the study was realized with Vector Autoregressive Models VAR in Greatl program. In the model created for the study, dependent variable is total employment N , and independent variables are; private sector loans PSC of participation banks, household loans HNK and total loans TPLK . In the study, double logarithmic model was used as the econometric model. The solution of the analysis was carried out in the Greatl program. In the analysis, ADF Unit-Root Test, delay length, Cointegration Test, Effect-Response Analysis, Variance Decomposition and Variance Reverse Roots Tests per Unit Circle were used. Result of the study suggests that; there is a negative relationship between PSC and N in the long term, there is no relationship between the two variables in the short term, there is a positive relationship between the HNK and N in the short term, there is no relationship between the two variables in the long term, between TPLK and N. It is also determined that there is a positive relationship in the long run and there is no relationship between the two variables in the short run.

Keywords:

Keywords: İslamic Banking, Participation Banking, Conventional Banking,

PDF

___

Abduh, M, ve Chowdhury, N., T., (2012), “Does Islamic Banking Matter forEconomic Growthin Bangladesh?”, Journal of Islamic Economics, Banking and Finance, Vol. 8 No. 3, July-Sep 2012, pp. 104-113.
Ahmed, A., M. ve Ghuddah, A., S., A., (2006), Shariah Opinion (Fatwa) On Istisna', Contracting and Salam, Al-Baraka Banking Group Department of Research and Development.
Arltová, M. ve Fedorová, D., (2016), “Selection of Unit Root Test on the Basis of Length of the Time Series and Value of AR(1) Parameter”, STATISTIKA, 96 (3), pp.47-64.
Ayub, M., (2007), Understanding Islamic Finance, John Wiley and Sons Inc., New Jersey, USA.
Ayub, N., (2016), Ijarah: The Concept, Development and Progress of Islamic Finance Leasing in Ireland’s Aviation Sector, MSc. International Accounting and Finance, 10152813. (https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Ijarah- %3A-%E2%80%9CThe-concept%2C-development-and-progress-of- Ayub/54faa017aaac3fb5b0396f3263f467e2eebe8504, e.t.12.12.2019).
Aziz, F, Anjam, M., Fahim, S., M., ve Saleem, F., (2013), “Mudarabah In Islamic Finance: A Critical Analysis Of Interpretation & Implicatıons”, International Journal of Asian Social Science, 2013, 3(5):1236-1243.
Bahaj, S., Foulis, A., Pinter, G. Ve Surico, P., “Employment and the Collateral Channel http://www.centreformacroeconomics.ac.uk/Discussion- Papers/2018/CFMDP2018-32-Paper.pdf (e.t.24.06.2020). Policy”,
Bashir, A.-H., M., (2001), “Assessing the Performance of Islamic Banks:Some Evidence from the Middle East”, Topics in Middle Eastern and African Economies Vol. 3, September 2001.
Bhattacharyya, N., (2012), Monetary policy and employment in developing Asia,
ILO Asia-Pacific Working Paper Series.
Bjİrnland, H., C., (2000), “VAR Models in Macroeconomic Research”, Statistics Norway Research Department 2000/14 October 2000.
BNM, (2013), Murabahah, Bank Negara Malaysia Central Bank of Malaysia,
BNM, (2018), Bank Negara Malaysia (the Central Bank of Malaysia), Ijarah, BNM/RH/PD 028-2 29 June 2018.
Dinc, Y., (2017), “The Functioning and Accounting of Musharakah Financing in Participation Banks and Firms; Problems and Recommendations”, Munich Personal RePEc Archive, MPRA Paper No. 85336.
Dusuki, A. W. (2010). “Can Bursa Malaysia’s Suq Al-Sila’ (Commodity Murabahah House) Resolve The Controversy Over Tawarruq?”, ISRA Research Paper, 10(2010).
Elgarı, M., A., (2003), “Credit Risk In Islamic Bankıng And Finance”, Islamic Economic Studies Vol. 10, No. 2, March 2003, pp: 1-25.
Ehsan, A., , Shahzad, M., A., (2015), “Bay Salam: A Proposed Model for Shari’ah
Compliant Agriculture Financing”, Business & Economic Review: Vol. 7, Issue 1, pp. 67-80.
Hai, B., V. ve Trang, T., T., M. (2015), The Transmission Mechanism of Monetary Policy in Vietnam: A VAR Approach, Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, International Economics Department, Working Paper Series, Working Paper N IHEIDWP15-2015.
Halim, N., A., Rajak, A., A. ve Sharmanc, S., S., H., (2016), Bai Bithaman Ajil (BBA) Modelling by Qardhul Hasan, AIP Conference Proceedings 1750, (https://aip.scitation.org/doi/pdf/10.1063/1.4954537, e.t.20.12.2019).
Hanefah, M., M., Noguchi, A. ve Muda, (2013), “Sukuk: Global Issues And Challenges”, Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues, Volume 16, Number 1, pp. 107-120.
Hasan, M. ve Dridi, J., (2010), The Effects of the Global Crisis on Islamic and Conventional Banks: A Comparative Study, IMF Working Paper, WP/10/201, September 2010.
Hassan, M., K., Brown, K. and Skully, M., (2019), Operational efficiency and performance (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/257289407_Handbook_of_Islami c_Banking, e.t. 10.12.2019). Islamic Banks,
Imam, P. ve Kpodar, K., (2015), Is Islamic Banking Good for Growth?, IMF Working Paper, WP/15/81, April 2015.
Ireland, P.,N., (2005), The Monetary Transmission Mechanism, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, Working Papers, No.06-1.
Islam, R., (2018), “Macroeconomic Policy and Employment: A Development Perspective”, The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, V. 61, pp. 427–451.
Kamdari, A., Yusoff, R., ve Malik, S., A., (2016), “The Contract Of Bay-Al-Salam And Bay-Al-Istisna In Islamic Commercial Law: A Comparative And Application Analysis For Waqf”, In Fuadah & Asma (Eds.). Proceedings of The Muktamar Waqf IQLIMI III 2016 (IQLIMI2016).
Presented at the Ban Nua Mosque, Songkla, Thailand, 13-14 October 2016, Published in Malaysia by : Pusat Pembangunan Pembiayaan Wakaf (PPPW), Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM).
Kamin, S., Turner, P. ve Dack, J., V., (2008), The Transmission Mechanism of Monetary Policy in Emerging Market Economies: An Overview, BIS Papers, No: 35.
Khaki, A. R., ve Sangmi, M. U. D. (2013), Islamic Banking: Concept and Methodolgy, Interest – Free Banking, Ed. (Nazir A Nazir, Khursheed A Butt), Chapter – 15, Edition 1, September, 2013, pp. 231-252. (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/257654823_Islamic_Banking_Co ncept_and_Methodology,e.t. 12.12.2019).
Khou, V., Cheng, O., Leng, S. ve Meng, C., (2015), Role of the Central Bank in supporting economic diversification and productive employment in Cambodia, ILO, Employment Policy Department, Employment and Labour Market Policies Branch, Working Paper No. 175.
Lajuni, N., v.d., (2017), “Intention to Use Islamic Banking Products and Its Determinants”, International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 2017, 7(1), pp. 329-333.
Luetkepohl, H., (2011), Vector Autoregressive Models, EUI Working Papers, ECO, 2011/30, Department of Economics.
Léon, F. ve Weill, L., (2018), “Islamic Banking Development And Access To Credit”, Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 52 (2018), pp. 54–69. MeezanBank, (2019), Meezan Bank’s Guide to Islamic Banking,
https://thenaqvis5.files.wordpress.com/2015/09/ch-13-murabaha.pdf, e.t.23.12.2019).
Mihajat, I, S., M., ve Haliding, S., (2020), “The Real Tawarruq Concept The Product of Islamic Bank for Liquidity Risk Management”, (https://lahore.comsats.edu.pk/CIF/Documents/Tawarruq-Concept.pdf, e.t. 20.02.2020).
Mokhtar, Abdullah ve Habshi (2006), “Efficiency Of Islamic Banking In Malaysia: A Stochastic Frontier Approach”, Journal of Economic Cooperation 27, 2 (2006), pp. 37-70.
Ogunbado, A., F. ve Ahmed, U., (2015), “Bay’ Salam as an Islamic Financial Alternative for Agricultural Sustainability in Nigeria”, Journal of Islamic Economics, Banking and Finance, Vol-11, No. 4, Octo–Dec, pp. 63-75.
Pedro, B., (2006), “The impact of public investment in Sweden: A VAR approach”, Munich Personal RePEc Archive, (MPRA), MPRA Paper No. 62132.
Putri, M., C., 1, Hasanah, A., N., Nur, K., R. ve Qadir, A., A., (2019), Qardhul Hasan in The Perspective of Islamic Law on Baitul Maal Wa Tamwil (BMT) and The Implementation, The First International Conference On Islamic Development Studies 2019, ICIDS 2019, 10
September 2019, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. (https://eudl.eu/pdf/10.4108/eai.10-9-2019.2289330 e.t.30.12.019).
Radzi, R., M., (2018), “Evolution in the Sukuk (Islamic Bonds) Structure: How do Market Demands and Shariah (Islamic Law) Solutions Shape Them?”, Journal of Islamic Banking and Finance June 2018, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 16-28.
Rahman, H., (2018), “Mudarabah and its Applications in Islamic Finance: An Analysis”, Asian Journal of Research in Banking and Finance, Vol. 8, No. 6, June 2018, pp. 33-46.
Rahman, A.R.A., ve Rosman, R., (2013), “Efficiency of Islamic Banks: A Comparative Analysis of MENA and Asian Countries”, Journal of Economic Cooperation and Development, 34, 1 (2013), pp. 63-92.
Rahman, Z., N., ve Manan, S., K., (2014), “Tawarruq as a Useful Instrument to Finance Retail the Halal Way”, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 121, pp. 281– 290.
Rammal, H., G., (2004) “Financing Through Musharaka: Principles and Application”, https://www.westga.edu/~bquest/2004/musharaka.htm, e.t.10.12.2019). Business Quest, Online,
Salman, S., A., Rashid, H., M., A. ve Htay, S., N., N., (2015), “Takaful (Islamic Insurance): When We Started and Where We are Now”, International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences 2015; 3(5-2): 7-15.
Samad, A., , Gardner, N., D., ve Cook, B., J., (2005), “Islamic Banking and Finance in Theory and Practice: The Experience of Malaysia and Bahrain”, The American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 22:2, pp: 69-86.
Sapuan, N., M., (2016), “An Evolution of Mudarabah Contract: A Viewpoint From Classical and Contemporary Islamic Scholars”, 7th International Economics & Business Management Conference, 5th and 6th October 2015 Procedia Economics and Financ, 35,2016, 349 – 358.
Sarker, A., A., (2019), International Journal of Islamic Financial Services Vol.1, No.2, (http://iaif.ir/images/khareji/articles/other/46.pdf, e.t.19.12.2019).
Sharifuddin, S., S., v.d., (2016), “The Concept of Takaful (Islamic Insurance) and Its Functions in the Establishment of Syarikat Takaful Malaysia; the First Takaful Operator in Malaysia”, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention ISSN (Online): 2319 – 7722, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 7714 www.ijhssi.org,Volume 5, Issue 12, December. Pp.43-48.
Sufian, F., (2007), “The Efficiency Of Islamic Banking Industry: A Non-Parametrıc Analysis With Non-Discretionary Input Variable”, Islamic Economic Studies Vol. 14, No. 1 & 2, Aug. 2006 & Jan. 2007, pp.53-78.
Su’un, Possumah, B. T., Appiah, M. K., ve Hilmiyah, N., (2018), “Determinants Of Islamic Banking Adoption Across Different Religious Groups İn Ghana: A Panoptic Perspective. Journal of International Studies”, 11(4), 138-154. doi:10.14254/20718330.2018/11-4/10.
Tetteh-Bator, E., v.d., (2018), “Vector Autoregressive Models for Multivariate Time Series Analysis; Macroeconomic Indicators in Ghana”, Mathematical Theory and Modeling, Vol.8, No.1, pp.34-48.
Tabari, N., A., Y. ve Nasrollahi, M., (2013), “How do monetary policy tools work? An investigation on monetary transmission mechanism in Iran”, Management Science Letters 3 (2013), pp. 1167–1174.
TKBB, Türkiye Katılım Bankaları Birliği, (2020), Yıllık Veriler.
TKBB, Türkiye Katılım Bankaları Birliği, 2020, (https://www.tkbb.org.tr/faizsiz- finans-sozlugu#1564, e.t.12.01.2020).
TKBB, Türkiye Katılım Bankaları Birliği, (2019), Faizsiz Finans Standartları, İstanbul.
Usmanı, M., M., (2019), An Introduction to Islamic Finance, (http://alqalam.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/An-Introduction-to- Islamic-Finance-by-Mufti-Taqi.pdf, e.t.24.12.2019).
Vejzagic, M., (2014), “Ijarah Muntahia Bittamleek (IMB): A Risk Management Perspective”, Merit Research Journal of Accounting, Auditing, Economics and Finance Vol. 2(1) pp. 1-7.
Yılmaz, O., N., (2010), Faizsiz Bankacılık İlkeleri ve Katılım Bankacılığı, TKBB, Antalya.
Zolfaghari, P., (2017), An Introduction to Islamic Securities (Sukuk), Uppsala University, Uppsala Faculty of Law Working Paper 2017:2.