Nar Posasından Üretilen Manyetik Hidrokömür Kompozitin Sulu Çözeltiden Pb(II) İyonlarını Uzaklaştırma Potansiyeli

Bu çalışmada, nar posası (NP) atıkları kullanılarak eş zamanlı hidrotermal karbonizasyon (HTK) ve manyetizasyon yöntemi ile yeni bir kompozit malzeme (MNPHK) geliştirilmiştir. Karbonizasyon sıcaklığının ve süresinin atomik karbon içeriği, enerji yoğunluğu ve üst ısıl değer gibi hidrokömürün fizikokimyasal özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Optimum üretim koşulları belirlenerek bu koşullar altında NP'nin eş zamanlı HTK ve manyetizasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Optimum koşullarda üretilen MNPHK XRF, XPS, SEM/EDX, FTIR ve VSM gibi çeşitli spektral yöntemlerle karakterize edilmiştir. Üretilen MNPHK’nın atık sulardan kirlilik giderme performansını belirlemek amacıyla kesikli sistemde kurşun (Pb(II)) iyonlarının uzaklaştırılmasında adsorban malzeme olarak kullanılmıştır. Adsorpsiyon sürecini etkileyen pH, denge-temas süresi (kinetik) ve sıcaklık (izoterm) faktörleri incelenerek elde edilen deneysel veriler yaygın kullanılan kinetik (yalancı birinci ve ikinci dereceden kinetik model) ve izoterm (Langmuir ve Freundlich izoterm model) modellerde değerlendirilmiştir. Adsorpsiyon kinetiğinin, yalancı ikinci dereceden kinetik modelini (YİD) (R2: 0.9840) takip ettiği ve deneysel verilerin Langmuir izoterm modeli (R2: 0.9992) ile iyi bir uyum gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. MNPHK'nın maksimum adsorpsiyon kapasitesi (qmaks) Langmuir izoterm modeline göre 98.45 mg g-1 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Termodinamik çalışmalar, Pb(II) iyonlarının MNPHK üzerine endotermik ve kendiliğinden adsorpsiyonunu göstermiştir. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda elde edilen bulgularla MNPHK'nın atık sulardan Pb(II) iyonlarının uzaklaştırılmasında düşük maliyetli, etkili ve doğal bir malzeme olarak kullanılabileceği ortaya konulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

nar posası, hidrotermal karbonizasyon, manyetik hidrokömür, kurşun iyonları, adsorpsiyon

Potential of Magnetic Hydrochar Composite Produced from Pomegranate Residue to Remove Pb(II) Ions from Aqueous Solution

In this study, a new composite material (MNPHK) was developed with simultaneous hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and magnetization method using pomegranate pulp (PP) wastes. The effects of carbonization temperature and time on the physicochemical properties of hydrochar such as atomic carbon content, energy density and higher heating value, were investigated. By determining the optimum production conditions, simultaneous HTC and magnetization of the PP were performed under these conditions. MNPHK produced under optimum conditions has been characterized by various spectral methods such as XRF, XPS, SEM/EDX, FTIR and VSM. To determine the pollution removal performance of the produced MNPHK from wastewater, it was used as an adsorbent material in the removal of lead (Pb(II)) ions in the batch system. The experimental data obtained by examining the pH, contact time (kinetic) and temperature (isotherm) factors affecting the adsorption process were evaluated in widely used kinetic (pseudo-first and second-order kinetic model) and isotherm (Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm model) models. It was found that the adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (PSO) (R2: 0.9840) and the experimental data showed good agreement with the Langmuir isotherm model (R2: 0.9992). The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of MNPHK was calculated as 98.45 mg g-1 according to the Langmuir isotherm model. Thermodynamic studies have shown endothermic and spontaneous adsorption of Pb(II) ions on MNPHK. With the findings obtained as a result of the study, it has been revealed that MNPHK can be used as a low-cost, effective and natural material for the removal of Pb(II) ions from wastewater.

Keywords:

Pomegranate residue, hydrothermal carbonization, magnetic hydrochar, lead ions, adsorption,

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