Malatya İlindeki Atık Plastiklerin Dizel Motor Yakıtı Olarak Değerlendirilmesi

Bu çalışmada, Malatya ilindeki atık plastiklerin geri dönüşümünün sağlanması ve geri dönüşümü yapılan atık plastiklerin sıvılaştırılarak bir dizel motorda yakıt olarak test edilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaca yönelik olarak geri dönüşümü yapılan atık plastiklerin sıvılaştırılması için yöntem olarak piroliz proses tekniği kullanılmıştır. Bununla beraber, atık plastik kaynaklı piroliz sıvısı elde edebilmek için hammadde olarak da Malatya ilinde atık hale gelen farklı tür plastik şişe ve kapakları ile atık enjektörler kullanılmıştır. Piroliz yönemi ile atık plastiklerden elde edilen piroliz sıvısı, hacimsel olarak %20 oranında standart dizel yakıtı (SDY) ile karıştırılarak APY20 olarak isimlendirilen karışım yakıt elde edilmiştir. SDY ve APY20 yakıtları, su ile soğutmalı ve tek silindirli bir dizel motorda test edilerek yakıtların motor performans ve emisyon değerleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Yapılan deneyler sonucunda SDY’e göre APY20 karışım yakıtın motor momenti ve motor gücü değerlerinde azalma gerçekleşirken özgül yakıt tüketimi değerlerinde ise artış görülmüştür. Ayrıca, karışım yakıtın CO, HC ve CO2 emisyon değerleri dizel yakıta göre artarken NOx emisyon değerlerinde azalma görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Malatya, atık plastik, dizel motor, yakıt üretimi

Evaluation As Diesel Engine Fuel Of Waste Plastics In Malatya

In this study, it is aimed to recycle the waste plastics in Malatya province and to test the recycled waste plastics as fuel in a diesel engine by liquefying them. For this purpose, pyrolysis process technique has been used as a method to liquefy recycled waste plastics. In addition, different types of plastic bottles and caps and waste injectors were used as raw materials in Malatya to obtain waste plastic sourced pyrolysis liquid. The pyrolysis liquid obtained from waste plastics by the pyrolysis method was mixed with 20% by volume of standard diesel fuel (SDF), and a mixed fuel named APY20 was obtained. SDF and APY20 fuels were tested in a water-cooled single-cylinder diesel engine, and the engine performance and emission values of the fuels were compared. As a result of the experiments, while the engine torque and engine power values of the APY20 mixed fuel decreased, the specific fuel consumption values increased according to the SDF. In addition, while CO, HC and CO2 emission values of the blended fuel increased compared to diesel fuel, a decrease was observed in NOx emission values.

Keywords:

Malatya, waste plastic, diesel engine, fuel production,

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