Serdar SARI, Ekrem Lütfi AKSAKAL, Taşkın ÖZTAŞ

Iğdır Üniversitesi Tarımsal Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi Deneme Alanı Toprak Özelliklerinin Yersel Değişim Paternlerinin Jeoistatistiksel Yöntemlerle Belirlenmesi

Toprak özelliklerinin mekânsal değişim desenlerinin belirlenmesi sürdürülebilir toprak yönetim stratejilerinin geliştirilebilmesi için önemlidir. Bu çalışma, Iğdır Üniversitesi Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi Deneme Alanı topraklarının fiziksel ve kimyasal toprak özelliklerinin yersel değişimlerinin jeoistatistiksel yöntemlerle belirlenmesi ve dağılım paternlerinin haritalanarak değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışma alanı yaklaşık 10 ha olup 50x60 m’de K-G ve D-B yönlerinde oluşturulan gridlerin kesişim noktalarından 0-20 cm derinlikten 35 noktadan bozulmamış ve bozulmuş toprak örneği alınmıştır. Bozulmamış örneklerde hacim ağırlığı ve hidrolik iletkenlik belirlenirken, bozulmuş toprak örneklerinden tekstür, CaCO3, organik madde, katyon değişim kapasitesi (KDK), değişebilir katyonlar, elektriksel iletkenlik (EC), toprak reaksiyonu (pH) ve değişebilir sodyum yüzdesi (ESP) değerleri belirlenmiştir. Toprak özelliklerinin yersel değişkenliklerini için semivariogram analizi uygulanmış ve Kriging analizi yapılarak haritalar oluşturulmuştur. Toprak özellikleri çok yönlü (isotropic) dağılım göstermiştir. Dağılım haritaları oluşturulmuş, karşılaştırılmış ve değerlendirilmiştir. Toprak örneklerinin kil içeriğinin %18 ile %39 arasında, kum içeriğinin %20 ile %45 arasında değiştiği, tekstürün killi tın, siltli killi tın ve tın sınıflarında yer aldığı belirlenmiştir. Araştırma alanı topraklarının ortalama olarak CaCO3 içeriğinin %11.4, organik madde içeriğinin %1.0, P2O5 içeriğinin 2.4 kg da-1 ve KDK’sının 25.1 me 100gr-1 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Alanda tuzluluk ve alkalilik problemi yersel olarak değişmekte olup ortalama pH, EC ve ESP değerleri sırasıyla 8.5, 6.5 mS cm-1 ve %18.8 olarak belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Iğdır toprakları, yersel değişkenlik, alkalilik, tuzluluk

Asessment of Spatial Distribution Patterns of Soil Properties at the Experimental Fields of Igdir University

Assessment of spatial distribution patterns of soil properties are important for developing sustainable soil management strategies. The objective of this study was to define spatial variability characteristics of physical and chemical properties of soil at the experimental fields of Igdir University. The study area with a size of 10 ha was gridded by 50x60 m in the N-S and E-W directions, respectively and totally 35 soil samples (both disturbed and undisturbed) were collected from 0-20 cm soil depth at each intersection of the grid system. Undisturbed soil samples were used for obtaining bulk density and hydraulic conductivity, and disturbed soil samples for texture, CaCO3, organic matter, cation exchange capacity (CEC), exchangeable cations, electrical conductivity (EC), soil reaction (pH) and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) determinations. Semivariogram analysis was performed for defining spatial variability and Kriging analysis was used for enterpolation and mapping of measured soil properties. Most of the soil properties showed isotropic distributions. Distribution maps were produced, compared and evaluated. The soils at the experimental fields were mainly medium textured (CL, SiCL and L) with a clay content changing from 18% to 39%, sand content changing from 20% to 45%. On the average, soil samples of the evaluated area were determined CaCO3 11.4%, organic matter content 1.0%, P2O5 content 2.4 kg da-1, CEC 25.1 me 100gr-1. Spatial distribution patterns indicated that there was salinity and alkalinity problems in local levels. On the average soil pH, EC and ESP were 8.5, 6,5 mS cm-1 and 18.8%, respectively.

Keywords:

Igdir soils, spatial variability, alkalinity, salinity,

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