Akdeniz İklimi Koşullarında Yapraktan Çinko Uygulamasının Bezelyede (Pisum sativum L.) Verim ve Kalite Özelliklerine Etkileri

Bezelye Türkiye’de özellikle ılıman iklime sahip batı bölgesinde yaygın olarak yetiştirilmektedir. Akdeniz ikliminin hakim olduğu bu bölgede bezelye ekim alanlarının azaldığı gözlenmektedir. Çinko eksikliği bezelye çeşitlerinde tane verim kayıplarına neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada yaygın olarak ekilen bezelye çeşitlerinde (Karina ve Utrillo) tane verimini artırmak icin gerekli optimum çinko dozunun belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu sebeple, çiçeklenme başlangıcında yapraktan farklı dozlarda (0-30-60 kg ha-1) çinko uygulanmıştır. Çalışma, Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesinde 2 üretim sezonu (2019 ve 2020) boyunca yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, bitki boyu, bitki sap kalınlığı, baklada tane sayısı, bakla uzunluğu, 100-Tane ağırlığı, tane verimi, tane protein oranı, protein verimi, tane kül oranı, tane lif içeriği, tane yağ içeriği ve tane çinko içeriği incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre her iki yılda bitkide bakla sayısı, 100-tane ağırlığı, tane verimi, tane protein oranı ve protein verimi, tane çinko iceriğinde 60 kg ha-1 çinko dozundan en yüksek değerler elde edilmiştir. Çeşitler arasında incelenen özellikler bakımından benzer değerler elde edilmesine karşın tane verimi ve protein oranı bakımından Karina öne cıkmış, tane çinko iceriğinde Utrillo daha iyi performans sergilemiştir. Sonuç olarak elde ettiğimiz değerlere göre yapraktan 60 kg zinc ha-1 dozunun uygulanması tavsiye edilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bezelye, yapraktan çinko uygulaması, tane verimi, tane çinko içeriği

The Effects of Foliar Zinc Application on Yield and Quality Components of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) in Mediterranean Climate Conditions

Peas are widely grown, especially in the western region of Turkey with a temperate climate. Pea cultivation areas are decreasing in this region, where the Mediterranean climate is dominant. Zinc deficiency causes seed yield losses in pea cultivation. This study aimed to determine the optimum foliar zinc application to improve the seed yield of the widely planted pea varieties (Karina and Utrillo). For this reason, foliar application of zinc (0-30-60 kg ha-1) was carried out at the beginning of the flowering period. The study was conducted in two growing seasons (2019 and 2020) at Aydin Adnan Menderes University. In this study, plant height, plant stem diameter, the number of seeds per pod, pod length, 100-seed weight, seed yield, seed protein content, protein yield, seed ash content, seed fibre content, seed oil content, and seed zinc content were determined. According to the results obtained, the highest values for pods per plant, 100-grain weight, seed yield, protein ratio, protein yield, and seed zinc content were obtained from 60 kg of zinc ha-1 in both years. However, zinc foliar application did not affect the plant height or plant stem diameter in either year. Although similar values were obtained regarding the characters examined among the cultivars, Karina stood out in seed yield and protein ratio, and Utrillo performed better in seed zinc content. Based on the values we got, we can recommend applying a dose of 60 kg of zinc per hectare per year from the leaf.

Keywords:

Pea, foliar zinc application, seed yield, seed zinc content,

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