“Dengeleme mi yoksa Sorumluluk Paylaşımı mı?” Avrupa Güvenlik ve Savunma Politikası (AGSP) ile ilgili Belirsizliği Giderme

Uluslararası ilişkiler alanında son on yılın en ilginç olaylarından biri 27 egemen Avrupa ülkesinin savunma ve güvenlik alanında Avrupa Birliği Güvenlik ve Savunma Politikası (AGSP) adında ortak bir kimlik inşa etme çabasıdır. Bu çalışmanın cevap aradığı temel soru AGSP kimliğinin doğuşu ve evriminin nasıl yorumlanabileceğidir. Acaba, AGSP Avrupa mücaviri bölgede ABD'nin operatif askeri yeteneklerini özellikle finansman, askeri yetenekler ve kaynak temini alanlarında desteklemek maksadıyla bir "sorumluluk paylaşımı" stratejisi olarak mı yorumlanmalıdır? Yoksa AGSP geleneksel realist yaklaşım ışığında etki alanında ABD gibi "hegemonik" bir güçle karşı karşıya gelen bir grup devletin bu hegemonik gücü "dengeleme" stratejisi olarak mı kabul edilmelidir? AGSP tarihsel olaylara reaksiyon olarak kabul edilebilecek bir dizi adım olarak doğup geliştiğinden, bir deği şken olarak AGSP'nin tarihsel bir analizle izi sürülebilir ve bir deği şken olarak AGSP'nin evrimi tarih boyunca izlenebilir. Bu çalışmada, AGSP'nin Irak Savaşı, Afganistan Savaşı, 2008 Rus-Gürcü Savaşı ve son olarak Libya Krizi örnek olayları üzerinden AB üyesi devletlerin kendilerini konumlandırması (özellikle Almanya, Fransa ve İngiltere) ve bu konumlandırmaların AGSP'nin evrimine verdiği yön incelenmiştir. Çalı şmanın temel amacı, AGSP'nin tarihi arka planı ile bu dört örnek olayın analizi üzerinden AB üyesi devletlerin (özellikle Almanya, Fransa ve İngiltere) ABD'ye göre kendilerini stratejik pozisyonlaması ile bu pozisyonlamaların AGSP'na etkilerini aydınlatarak, AGSP'nin evrimi konusunda yeterli bir akademik altyapı sağlamaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Avrupa Güvenlik ve Savunma Politikası, Avrupa Güvenliği.

“Balancing or Burden Sharing?” Settling the Ambiguity around the European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP)

One of the most interesting phenomena of the past decade in the field of international relations has been the gradual emergence of collective effort of 27 sovereign states to construct and implement a collective European Union (EU) security and defence policy (ESDP). The overall question that this study seeks to answer is that how could the emergence and rise of the ESDP be interpreted: as an act of burden sharing that seeks to support US-led defence initiatives in its neighbourhood in terms of finance of operations, military capabilities and personnel? Or as an act of balancing that is assumed by the traditional wisdom in the IR as the primary instinct of any state when faced with the greater power in its area of influence? Since the ESDP has emerged overwhelmingly as a series of empirical reactions to historical events, the ESDP as a variable can be traceable over the course of history. The positioning of the EU member states (specifically Germany, France and the UK) in critical junctures such as Afghanistan War under the guise of NATO, the Iraq War that have been carried out by the US-led “coalition of willing,” 2008 Russo-Georgian War and recent Libya Crisis would highlight the possible venues in the evolution of the ESDP. By picking these four cases, the aim of the study is to pinpoint the promises and pitfalls of the ESDP and the positioning of EU member states (specifically European trio) vis-àvis the US. Furthermore, this study hopes that these four cases could help provide sufficient insights to the evolution of the ESDP.

Keywords:

European Security and Defence Policy, European security,

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ISSN: 1305-4740
Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 3 Sayı
Başlangıç: 2005
Yayıncı: Millî Savunma Üniversitesi Atatürk Stratejik Araştırmalar ve Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü