Filiz EKİM ÇEVİK, Esra Billur BALCIOĞLU, Abdullah AKSU

İstanbul’un Kent Topraklarında Polisiklik Aromatik Hidrokarbonların (PAHs) Birikimi ve Kökenleri Üzerine Bir Ön Araştırma

Polisiklik aromatik hidrokarbonlar (PAH), kentsel çevrede en ciddi kirletici grupları arasında yer alır. Kentsel topraklardaki PAH konsantrasyonları doğal ortam topraklarındakilere oranla 10 kat daha fazladır. Bu çalışmanın amacı İstanbul’ un farklı ilçelerinden alınan toprak örneklerinde bulunan PAH’ların kontaminasyonları ve kökenleri üzerine ön verileri ortaya koymaktır. İstanbul’un yedi farklı ilçesinde toplamda 23 istasyondan 2015 yılının Temmuz ayında yüzey toprağı örneği alınmıştır. Örneklerde sekiz PAH bileşeni tayin edilmiş ve toplam konsantrasyonlar 0.12 ile 29.4 µg kg-1 aralığında değişiklik göstermiştir. En yüksek toplam PAH (Σ8PAH) konsantrasyonları yol kenarlarında ve sanayi bölgelerine yakın yerlerde tespit edilmiştir. Kökenlerin pirolitik ve/veya petrojenik olduğunu tayin etmek için fenantrenin antrasene ve florantenin pirene oranları kullanılmıştır. Yalnızca iki ilçenin tüm istasyonlarında kökenler pirolitik olarak bulunmuştur. Pirolitik kökenler motorlu taşıt egzozları, endüstriyel faaliyetler ve kömür yanmasıyla ilgilidir. Bu veriler ilerideki izleme çalışmaları için veri tabanı oluşturmakta ve PAH’larla kirlenmiş toprakların insan sağlığı üzerinde risklerin değerlendirilmesi için kullanılabilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İstanbul, Polisiklik aromatik hidrokarbonlar (PAH), Toprak kirliliği

A Preliminary Study on Accumulations and Origins of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Soils of Istanbul

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one group of the most serious pollutants in urban environment. Concentration of PAHs in urban soils is 10 times higher than that in natural soils. The aim of this study is to give preliminary data on contaminations and the origins of PAHs in soil samples obtained from various towns of Istanbul. Totally 23 top-soil samples collected in main urban areas in seven towns of Istanbul, Turkey in July of 2015. Samples were analyzed for eight PAHs and the total concentrations ranged from 0.12 to 29.4 µg kg-1 for Σ8PAHs. The highest ΣPAHs concentrations were found at roadsides and industrial sites. The ratios of phenanthrene to anthracene and fluoranthene to pyrene were used to identify pyrolytic and petrogenic sources to determine the sources of PAHs. Only all stations of two towns in Istanbul show pyrolytic source. These sources included motor vehicle exhausts, industrial activities and coal burning. These data is a database for further monitoring studies and can be used to assess the health risk associated with soils polluted with PAHs.

Keywords:

İstanbul, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), Soil pollution,

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