Adaptive Architecture Based on Environmental Performance: An Advanced Intelligent Façade (AIF) Module

Adaptive façades can enhance energy efficiency in buildings while also sustaining user comfort by using performance-driven decision-making strategies. As a sub-category of adaptive façades, advanced and intelligent façades are executed efficiently by means of mechanisms consisting of sensors, processors and actuators that systematically participate in decision-making processes via control systems. However, the conflicts occur in decision-making processes regarding the compensation between energy conservation and user demands, and material fatigue caused by the extensive movement of kinetic façade components. In this article, it is aimed to develop a novel decision-making approach embedded in a prototype named Advanced Intelligent Façade (AIF) module based on statistical data by proposing critical decision and priority algorithm, which is lacking in the case studies of intelligent façades to solve conflicts in boundary conditions. The methodology of the paper is to verify the proposed system consisting of electromechanical module and decision-making algorithms via simulation according to four scenarios that is implemented of the weather data of equinox dates in Mediterranean climate. The proposed system is simulated in the digital medium by comparing the outcomes with the static façade in terms of indoor temperature. According to the simulation, the proposed strategy is determined as an efficient and performative alternative by optimizing the environmental parameters such as heat, light and humidity levels with the user demand for the specific temperature ranges. Thus, the AIF module can be employed in the buildings as a sustainable façade system.

___

  • Foged, I.W., Kirkegaard, P. H., “Adaptive Architectural Envelope”, 5th Energy Forum on Solar Building Skins, Bressanone, Italy, (2010).
  • Loonen, R.C.G.M., Trcka, M., Costola, D., & Hensen, J.L.M., “Climate adaptive building shells: State-of-the-art and future challenges.” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 25. (2013).
  • Barozzi, M., Lienhard, J., Zanelli, A., Monticelli, C., “The sustainability of adaptive envelopes: developments of kinetic architecture”, Procedia Engineering, Vol. 155: 275-284, (2016).
  • Romano, R., Aelenei, L., Aelenei, D., & Mazzuchelli, E. S., “What is an adaptive façade? Analysis of Recent Terms and definitions from an international perspective.” Journal of Façade Design and Engineering, 6, 65-76.,(2018).
  • Knaack, U., Tillmann, K., Marcel, B. Thomas, A., “Façades: Principles of Construction”, second and revised edition ed. Basel: Birkhäuser. (2014).
  • Böke, J., Knaack U., Hemmerling, M.. State-of-the-art of intelligent building envelopes in the context of intelligent technical systems, Intelligent Buildings International, 11:1, 27-45, (2019).
  • Ferguson, S., Siddiqi, A., Lewis, K., De Weck, O., Flexible and reconfigurable systems: nomenclature and review. In: Proceedings of ASME 2007—international design engineering technical conferences and computers and information in engineering conference, Las Vegas, (2007).
  • Negroponte, N., “Soft Architecture Machines.” Cambridge: MIT Press, (1976).
  • Loonen, R.C.G.M., Rico-Martinez, J.M., Favoino, F., Brzezicki, M., Menezo, C., La Ferla, G., Aelenei, L., “Design for façade adaptability – Towards a unified and systematic characterization”. Proceedings of the 10th Conference on Advanced Building Skins, Bern, Switzerland, pp.1284-1294, (2015).
  • Aelenei, D., Aelenei, L., & Pacheco Vieira, C., “Adaptive Façade: concept, applications, research questions”. SHC 2015. International Conference on Solar Heating and Cooling for Buildings and Industry, Energy Procedia, 91, pp.269-275., (2016).
  • Ad, Aa. van der, Heiselberg, P., & Perino, M., “Designing with responsive buildings elements.” IEA - ECBCS Annex 44. Aalborg University, (2011).
  • Compagno, A., “Intelligente Glasfassaden: Material, Anwendung, Gestaltung [Intelligent Glass Façades: Material, Practice, Design].” Birkhäuser Verlag, (2002).
  • Wigginton, M., Harris, J., Intelligent Skin, Elsevier, Architectural Press, Oxford, (2002).
  • Kroner, W. M., “An intelligent and responsive architecture.” Automation in Construction, 6, pp. 381-393, (1997).
  • Masri, Y. 2015. “Intelligent Building Envelopes: Design and Applications.” Proceedings of the International Conference on Building Envelope Design and Technology, Graz, Advanced Building Skins 2015, pp.37-46.,(2015).
  • Nagy, Z., Szetozarevic, B., Jayathissa, P., Begle, M., Hofer, J., Lydon, G., Willmann, A., Schlueter, A., “The Adaptive Solar Facade: From Concept To Prototypes”, Frontiers of Architectural Research, Vol. 5, Issue 2, Pages 143-156, (2016).
  • Rossi, D., Nagy, Z., Arno, S., Adaptive Distributed Robotics for Environmental Performance, Occupant Comfort and Architectural Expression,International Journal of Architectural Computing, September, (2012).
  • Biloria N., Sumini V.,” Performative Building Skin Systems:A Morphogenomic Approach Towards Developing Real-Time Adaptive Building Skin Systems,” International Journal of Architectural computing, issue 04, vol. 07, (2009).
  • Mallasi, Z.,” Integratıng Physıcal And Dıgıtal Prototypes Using Parametrıc Bım In The Pursuıt Of Kinetic Façade”, Parametricism Vs. Materialism: Evolution of Digital Technologies for Development [8th ASCAAD Conference, London, (2016).
  • Internet: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezLViGefm2w, (accessed november 10, 2019 )
  • Kensek K.M., “Integration of Environmental Sensors with BIM: Case studies using Arduino, Dynamo, and the Revit API”, Informes de la Construcción Vol. 66, 536, pp. 31 – 39, (2014).
  • Carl T.,Schein M., Stepper F., “Sun Shades About Designing Adaptable Solar Façades”, Sharing Computational Knowledge! - Proceedings of the 35th eCAADe Conference, Volume 2, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, (2017).
  • Luna-Navarro, A., Loonen, R. C. G. M., Attia, S., Juaristi, M., Monge-Barrio, A., Donato, M., Overend, M., “Occupant-adaptive façade interaction: relationships and conflicts”. In Façade 2018-Adaptive!, Proceedings of the COST Action TU1403 Adaptive Façades Network Final Conference (pp. 371-377). Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts, (2018).
  • Internet: "World Temperatures — Weather Around The World". 2019. Timeanddate.Com. https://www.timeanddate.com/weather/. (accessed October 15, 2019 )