This paper is focused on the optimization of honing parameters for surface roughness in plateau honing process used for renewal of engine cylinders. The honing experiments have been performed based on Taguchi L9 orthogonal array. The honing parameters directly affected on surface roughness (Ra) have been determined as linear speed (m/min), grid size and number of stroke with three different levels. These levels have been adjusted by considering honing industry and investigations on honing process. The results of variance analysis showed that the most important factor on surface roughness is the grid size while number of stroke has insignificant effect. Finally, an optimization study has been performed with “the smaller the better” method and then confirmation experiment has been conducted. The results have shown that the optimum conditions for better surface roughness have been determined as feed rate of 10 m/min, grid size of 220 and stroke number of 6 according to analysis of signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios under these cutting conditions. According to confirmation experiment, the difference between experiment and the calculated value was determined as %2.5. Thus, the optimum levels of honing parameters for Ra were confirmed as confident in renewal of engine cylinders.