Urban Morphology Schools: A Review of the English, Italian, and French Schools of Thought

This article provides a comprehensive review of urban morphology schools, with a focus on the English, Italian, and French schools of thought. The analysis follows standard academic methods, identifying central themes and important considerations while integrating current insights and knowledge in the field. By presenting a transparent and systematic study aligned with academic standards, this article contributes to the expansion of knowledge in urban morphology and provides a clear framework for future research.The English School, rooted in the work of Otto Schluter and popularized by MRG Conzen, emphasizes the study of the urban landscape and its impact on the city-making process. The Italian School, pioneered by Saverio Muratori and Gianfranco Caniggia, focuses on the morphology of existing cities and the relationship between buildings and urban form. The French School, founded by Philippe Panerai, Jean Castex, and Jean Charles Depaule, combines design theory and city-building theory, incorporating ideas from sociologists and architectural historians. The article highlights the contributions of these schools and their relevance in understanding urban from analysis. Finally, a comparison is made among these schools, along with providing criticism to enhance our understanding of them.

Keywords:

Urban morphology, Urban, Urban form Urban morphology schools,

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