Sürtünme karıştırma kaynağı yapılmış Cu/Al-1050 alın birleştirmesinin mikroyapı ve mekanik özelliklerinin incelenmesi

Bu çalışmada, saf bakır (Cu) ve alüminyum (Al-1050) levhaların, 515 min-1 sabit takım devir hızında ve farklı kaynak hızlarında sürtünme karıştırma kaynağıyla alın-alına birleştirilebilirlikleri incelenmiştir. En düşük kaynak hızında (12 mm min-1) başarılı bir Cu/Al-1050 birleştirmesi elde edilebilirken, kaynak hızının 30 ve 50 mm min-1 e artmasıyla oldukça zayıf birleştirmeler gerçekleşmiştir. Bu nedenle çalışmada, 12 mm min-1 kaynak hızındaki birleştirmenin mikroyapı karakterizasyonu yapılmış ve mekanik özellikleri değerlendirilmiştir. Bu birleştirmede optik ve taramalı elektron mikroskobunda mikroyapı incelemeleri ile enerji dağılımlı X-ışınları spektroskopisi (EDS), X-ışınları difraksiyonu (XRD), çekme testi ve mikrosertlik ölçümleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Mikroyapı incelemeleri ve EDS analizleri, karışım bölgesinin alüminyumca zengin ve bakırca zengin yapıları içerdiğini göstermiştir. Kaynak bölgesinin XRD incelemelerinde, AlCu, $Al _2Cu _3,$, $AlCu _4$ ve $Al _4Cu _9$ metaller arası bileşiklerin varlığı tespit edilmiştir. İmaj analiz programıyla bakırca zengin fazların karışım bölgesindeki hacimsel oranının yaklaşık %32 olduğu hesaplanmıştır. Çekme testi sonuçları, Cu/Al-1050 birleştirmesinin çekme mukavemetinin Cu ana metalinkinden %50, Al-1050 ana metalinkinden ise %24 düşük olduğunu göstermiştir. Mikrosertlik ölçümlerinde ise, karışım bölgesindeki sertliklerin ana metallere göre arttığı ve 74–280 HV arasında değiştiği görülmüştür.

Investigation of microstuctural and mechanical properties of friction stir welded Cu/Al-1050 butt joint

In this study, the weldability of pure copper (Cu) plate to aluminum (Al-1050) plate has been investigated at a constant tool rotation speed of 515 rpm and different weld speeds by friction stir welding. While a relatively sound Cu/Al-1050 joint was achieved at the lowest weld speed (12 mm $min^ {-1}$), very poor joints were obtained at the higher weld speeds (30 and 50 mm $min^ {-1}$). Therefore in this study, microstructural characterization and mechanical properties of the joint at weld speed of 12 mm min-1 were evaluated. Microstructure investigations by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), tensile test and microhardness measurements were carried out in this joint. Microstructure inspections and EDS analysis revealed that the stir zone of the joint consisted of aluminum-rich and copper-rich structures. AlCu, $Al _2Cu _3,$ $AlCu _4$ and $Al _4Cu _9$ intermetallic compounds were detected in the weld region by XRD. Volume fraction of copper-rich phases in the stir zone was calculated by image analysis software which is approximately 32%. Tensile test results show that the tensile strength of Cu/Al-1050 joint lower 50% and 24% than that of Cu base metal and Al-1050 base metal, respectively. It was observed that hardness’s in the stir zone increased when compared to the base metals and varied between 74 HV and 280 HV.

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