Biyodizel ile çalışan bir dizel motorda yakıt püskürtme avansının performans ve egzoz emisyonlarına etkisi

Biyodizel, yapısında oksijen bulunduran, sülfür içermeyen, zehirleyici etkisi olmayan, doğada bozunabilir ve yenilenebilir bir alternatif dizel motor yakıtıdır. Dizel yakıta göre daha az karbon monoksit, hidrokarbon ve is emisyonu yaydıkları bilinmektedir. Dizel motorlarda herhangi bir ayar ve değişiklik yapılmadan kullanılabilmektedir. Püskürtme zamanlaması motor performansı ve egzoz emisyonlarını etkileyen önemli parametrelerden birisidir. Bu parametrelerin optimize edilmesi ile hem yakıt ekonomisi sağlanırken hem de zararlı egzoz emisyonları azaltılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, biyodizelin yakıt olarak kullanıldığı bir motorda püskürtme avansının motor performansı ve emisyonlarına etkileri dört zamanlı, tek silindirli bir dizel motorda araştırılmıştır. Püskürtme zamanlaması 24,9, 26,6 ve 28,5°KMA için tam yükte motor momenti, efektif güç, özgül yakıt tüketimi, egzoz gaz sıcaklıkları ile CO, HC ve NOx emisyonları ölçülmüştür. Biyodizel ile çalışmada püskürtme avansının 26,6°KMA’ya artırılmasıyla motor momenti ve efektif güçte yaklaşık %6’ya kadar artış ve özgül yakıt tüketiminde %8’e kadar iyileşme görülmüştür. Ayrıca, CO ve HC emisyonlarında azalma elde edilirken, NOx emisyonlarında %4-11 arasında değişen artışlar belirlenmiştir.

The effects of advance fuel injection on engine performance and exhaust emissions of a diesel engine fuelled with biodiesel

Biodiesel is an oxygenated, sulphur-free, non-toxic, biodegradable and renewable alternative diesel fuel. It is known that CO, HC and smoke emissions of biodiesel are lower than those of diesel fuel. It is used without any significant setting and modification in diesel engines. Fuel injection timing is one of the significant parameters affecting the performance and emissions in diesel engines. By optimising fuel injection parameters, improvement in fuel economy as well as reduction in harmful exhaust emissions can be effected. In this study, the effects of fuel injection advance on engine performance and exhaust emissions were investigated experimentally in a fourstroke single cylinder direct injection diesel engine fuelled with biodiesel. Engine torque, brake power, specific fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperatures, CO, HC and NOx emissions were measured for injection timings of 24.9, 26.6 and 28.5ºCA at full load. By increasing injection timing to 26.6ºCA when running on biodiesel, engine torque and brake power increased by about 6%, and 8% improvement in specific fuel consumption were observed. In addition, it was also determined that CO and HC emissions decreased while NOx emissions increased by between 4-11%.

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