___

• Çanakçı, M., Özsezen, A.N., “Dizel Motorları
• Yardımcı Ekipmanlarındaki Gelişmeler”,
• Mühendis ve Makina, Cilt 45, Sayı 530, 37-42,
• -
• Knothe, G., Dunn, R.O., Bagby, M.O., “Biodiesel:
• The Use of Vegetable Oils and Their Derivatives
• as Alternative Diesel Fuels, In ACS Symp. Ser.
• (Fuels and Chemicals from Biomass),
• American Chemical Society, Washington DC,
• –208, 1997.
• Canakci, M., “Performance and Emissions
• Characteristics of Biodiesel from Soybean Oil”,
• Proc. IMechE Part D: Journal of Automobile
• Engineering, Vol. 219, No.7, 915-922, 2005.
• Çanakçı, M., Özsezen, A.N., “Atık Mutfak
• Yağlarının Alternatif Dizel Yakıtı Olarak
• Değerlendirilmesi”, G.Ü. Fen Bilimleri Dergisi,
• Cilt 18, No.1, 81-91, 2005.
• Xiao, Z., Ladommatos, N. and Zhao, H., “The
• Effect of Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Oxygenates
• on Diesel Engine Emissions”, Proc. Instn. Mech.
• Eng., Part D, Vol. 214, 307-332, 2000.
• Asaumi, Y., Shintani, M., Watanabe, Y., “Effects
• of Fuel Properties on Diesel Engine Exhaust
• Emission Characteristics”, SAE Paper,
• No.922214, 1992.
• Betts, W.E., Floysand, S.A., Kvinge, F., “The
• Influence of Diesel Fuel Properties on Particulate
• Emissions in European Cars”, SAE Paper,
• No.922190, 1992.
• Rosenthal, M.L., Bendinsky, T., “The Effects of
• Fuel Properties and Chemistry on the Emissions
• and Heat Release of Low-Emission Heavy Duty
• Diesel Engines”, SAE Paper, No.932800, 1993.
• Last, R.J., Krüger, M., Dürnholz, M., “Emissions
• and Performance Characteristics of a 4-Stroke,
• Direct Injected Diesel Engine Fueled with Blends
• of Biodiesel and Low Sulfur Diesel Fuel”, SAE
• Paper, No.950054, 1995.
• Canakci, M. and Van Gerpen, J.H., “Comparison
• of Engine Performance and Emissions for
• Petroleum Diesel Fuel, Yellow Grease Biodiesel,
• and Soybean Oil Biodiesel”, Transactions of the
• ASAE, Vol.46, No.4, 937–944, 2003.
• Haas J.M., Scott, K.M., Alleman, T.L.,
• McCormick R.L., “Engine Performance of
• Biodiesel Fuel Prepared from Soybean Soapstock: A High Quality Renewable Fuel Produced from a
• Waste Feedstocks”, Energy and Fuels, Vol.15,
• Issue 5, 1207-1212, 2001.
• Graboski, M.S., Ross, J.D., McCormick, R.L.,
• “Transient Emissions from No. 2 Diesel and
• Biodiesel Blends in a DDC Series 60 Engine”,
• SAE Paper, No.961166, 1996.
• Ziejewski, M., Goettler, H.J., Haines, H., Huang,
• C., “EMA Durability Tests on High Oleic
• Sunflower and Safflower Oils in Diesel Engines”,
• SAE Paper, No. 961846, 1996.
• Scholl, K.W., Sorenson, S.C., “Combustion of
• Soybean Oil Methyl Ester in a Direct Injection
• Diesel Engine”, SAE Paper, No.930934, 1993.
• Ulusoy, Y., Tekin, Y., Cetinkaya, M. and
• Karaosmanoğlu, F., “The Engine Tests of
• Biodiesel from Used Frying Oils”, Energy
• Sources, Vol.26, 927-932, 2004.
• Schumacher, L.G., Marshall, W., Krahl, J.,
• Wetherell, W.B., Grabowski, M.S., “Biodiesel
• Emissions Data from Series 60 DDC Engines”,
• Transactions of the ASAE, Vol. 44, No.6, 1465–
• , 2001.
• Gomez Gonzales, M.E., Howard-Hildige, R.,
• Leahy, J.J., O’Reilly, T.O., Supple, B., Malone,
• M., “Emission and Performance Characteristics of
• a 2 liter Toyota Van Operating on Esterified
• Waste Cooking Oil and Mineral Diesel Fuel”,
• Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,
• Vol. 65, 13–20, 2000.
• Dorado, M.P., Ballesteros, E., Arnal, J.M.,
• Gomez, J., Gimenez Lopez, F.J., “Exhaust
• Emissions from a Diesel Engine Fueled with
• Transesterified Waste Olive Oil”, Fuel, Vol. 82,
• Issue 11, 1311–1315, 2003.
• Clark, N.N., Lyons, D.W., “Class 8 Truck
• Emissions Testing: Effects of Test Cycles and
• Data on Biodiesel Operation”, Transactions of
• the ASAE, Vol. 42, No.5, 1211-1220, 1999.
• Senatore, A., Cardone, M., Rocco, V., Prati, M.V.,
• “A Comparative Analysis of Combustion Process
• in D.I. Diesel Engine Fueled with Biodiesel and
• Diesel Fuel”, SAE Paper, No.2000-01-0691,
• -
• Schumacher, L., Borgelt, S.C., Hires, W.G,
• Wetherell, W., Nevils, A., “100,000 Miles of
• Fueling 5.9L Cummins Engines with 100%
• Biodiesel” SAE Paper, No.962233, 1996.
• Chang, Y.Z., Van Gerpen, J.H., Lee, I., Johnson,
• L.A., Hammond, E.G., Marley, S.J., “Fuel
• Properties and Emissions of Soybean Oil Esters as
• Diesel Fuel”, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. Vol. 73,
• No.11, 1549-1555, 1996.
• Sharp, C.A., Characterization of Biodiesel
• Exhaust Emissions for EPA 211(b), Report No.08-
• A, NBB, 1998.
• Sharp, C.A., Howell, S., Jobe, J., “The Effect of
• Biodiesel Fuels on Transient Emissions from
• Modern Diesel Engines-Part I: Regulated
• Emissions and Performance”, SAE Paper,
• No.2000-01-1967, 2000.
• McDonald, J.F., Evaluation of a Yellow Grease
• Methyl Ester and Petroleum Diesel Fuel Blend,
• Final Report to the Agricultural Utilization
• Research Institute, 1997.
• Purcell, D.L., McClure, B.T., McDonald, J., Basu,
• H.N., “Transient Testing of Soy Methyl Ester
• Fuels in an Indirect Injection Compression
• Ignition Engine”, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., Vol. 73,
• No.3, 381-388, 1996.
• McDonald, J.F., Purcell, D.L. McClure, B.T.,
• Kittelson, D.B., “Emissions Characteristics of Soy
• Methyl Ester Fuels in an IDI Compression
• Ignition Engine”, SAE paper, No.950400, 1995.
• Peterson, C.L., Reece, D.L., Thompson, J.C.,
• Beck, S.M., Chase, C., “Ethyl Ester of Rapeseed
• Used as a Biodiesel Fuel - A Case Study”,
• Biomass and Bioenergy, Vol.10, Issues 5-6, 331-
• , 1996.
• Graboski, M.S., McCormick, R.L., “Combustion
• of Fat and Vegetable Oil Derived Fuels in Diesel
• Engines”, Prog. Eng. Comb. Sci., Vol.24, 125-
• , 1998.
• Peterson, C.L., Taberski, J.S., Thompson, J.C.,
• Chase, C.L., “The Effect of Biodiesel Feedstock
• on Regulated Emissions in Chassis Dynamometer
• Tests of a Pickup Truck” Transactions of the
• ASAE, Vol. 43, No.6, 1371-1381, 2000.
• R.L. McCormick, J.R. Alvarez, M.S. Graboski,
• “NOx Solutions for Biodiesel”, Report
• No.NREL/SR-510-31465, National Renewable
• Energy Laboratory, 2003.
• Rakopoulos, C.D., Antonopoulos, K.A.,
• Rakopoulos, D.C., Giakoumis, E.G., “Study of
• Combustion in a Divided Chamber Turbocharged
• Diesel Engine By Experimental Heat Release
• Analysis in its Chambers”, Applied Thermal
• Engineering, Vol.26, Issues 14-15, 1611-1620,
• -
• Owen, K., Coley, T., Automotive Fuels
• Reference Book, Second Edition, SAE, USA,
• -
• Heywood, J.B., Internal Combustion Engine
• Fundamentals, McGraw-Hill Int. Editions, New
• York, USA, 1988.
• Abdel-Rahman, A.A., “On the Emissions from
• Internal-Combustion Engines: A Review”, Int. J.
• of Energy Res., Vol.22, 483-513, 1998.
• Challen, B., Baranescu, R., Diesel Engine
• Reference Book, Second Edition, Butterworth
• Heinemann, 1999.
• Pulkrabek, W.W., Engineering Fundamentals of
• the Internal Combustion Engine, Prentice-Hall,
• New Jersey, 1997.
• Borman, G.L. and Ragland, K.W., Combustion
• Engineering, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1998.
• Monyem, A., Van Gerpen, J.H., “The Effect of
• Biodiesel Oxidation on Engine Performance and Emissions”, Biomass and Bioenergy, Vol.20,
• -325, 2001.
• Peterson, C.L., Hustrulid, T., “Carbon Cycle for
• Rapeseed Oil Biodiesel Fuels” Biomass and
• Bioenergy, Vol.14 (2), 91-101, 1998.
• Society of Automotive Engineers, SAE
• Handbook, Inc., Warrendale, MI, Vol.1, 1304 –
• , 2001.
• Schmidt, K., Van Gerpen, J., “The Effect of
• Biodiesel Fuel Composition on Diesel
• Combustion and Emissions”, SAE Paper,
• No.961086, 1996