Effects of Nutrition and Exercise Habits in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Objective: Diet and exercise therapy form the basis of treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The objective of the presentstudy was to evaluate the effects of diet and physical activity interventions for patients with T2DM.Methods: We assessed the prospective association between levels of physical activity, diet, and quality of life (QOL) in patients withT2DM. We measured body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, and QOL index (36-item Short Form Health Survey). A total of 300patients (169 women and 131 men) were enrolled in the study.Results: The mean age and BMI of the patients were 53.50±8.58 years, 30.39±3.97 kg/m2 in women and 56.32±8.80 years,30.28±1.79 kg/m2 in men, respectively. QOL was significantly increased in patients with T2DM with regular exercise and diet(p=0.001, 0.024, and 0.012).Conclusion: Our findings show that combined diet and physical activity interventions achieved clinically meaningful increase inthe QOL. Especially, aerobic exercise program improved the QOL in women with T2DM.

PDF

___

Genuth S, Alberti KG, Bennett P, Buse J, Defronzo R, Kahn R, et al. Follow- up report on the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 2003; 26: 3160-7. [CrossRef]
Praet SFE, vanRooij ESJ, Wijtvliet A, Boonman-de WJM, Enneking T, Kuipers H et al. Walking compared with an individualised medical fitness programme for patients with type 2 diabetes:a randomised controlled trial. Diabetologia 2008; 51: 736-46. [CrossRef]
Yahia N, Khoury M, Salloum T, Younes R, Saleh M, Myers E. Implementing Evidence-Based Nutrition Practice Guidelines for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Lebanon. Top Clin Nutr 2017; 32: 316-29. [CrossRef]
Evans JM, Newton RW, Ruta DA, MacDonald TM, Morris AD. Socio-economicstatus, obesity and prevalence of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med 2000; 17: 478-80. [CrossRef]
Eliasson B. Cigarette smoking and diabetes. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2003; 45: 405-13. [CrossRef]
Evert AB1, Boucher JL, Cypress M, Dunbar SA, Franz MJ, Mayer-Davis EJ, et al. Nutrition therapy recommendations for the management of adults with diabetes. Diabetes Care 2014; 37: 121-34.
Carlsson S, Hammar N, Grill V. Alcoholconsumption and type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2005; 48: 1051-4. [CrossRef]
Haffner SM. Syndrome X: Insulinresistance-hyperinsulinemiathekey. Hanefeld M, Leonhardt W, editors. The Metabolic Syndrome. Stuttgart Gustav Fisher Verlag; 1997.p.25.
Akohoue SA, Wallston KA, Schlundt DG, Rothman RL. Psychometric evaluation of the short version of the Personal Diabetes Questionnaire to assess dietary behaviors and exercise in patients with type 2 diabetes. Eat Behav 2017; 26: 182-8. [CrossRef]
Miyauchi M, Toyoda M, Kaneyama N, Miyatake H, Tanaka E, Kimura M, et al. Exercise Therapy for Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Superior Efficacy of Activity Monitors over Pedometers. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016: 5043964. [CrossRef]
Zinman B, Ruderman N, Campaigne BN, Devlin JT, Schneider H, American Diabetes Association. Physical activity/exercise and diabetes. Diabetes Care 2004; 27: 58-62. [CrossRef]
Boden G. Pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes: insulin resistance. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2001; 30: 801-15. [CrossRef]
Hordern M, Cooney L, Beller E, Prins J, Marwick T, Coombes J. Determinants of changes in blood glucose response to short-term exercise training in patients with type 2 diabetes. Clin Sci (Lond) 2008; 115: 273-81. [CrossRef]
Colberg SR, Sigal RJ, Fernhall B, Regensteiner JG, Blissmer BJ, Rubin RR, et al. Exercise and type 2 diabetes: the American College of Sports Medicine and theAmerican Diabetes Association: joint position statement. Diabetes Care 2010; 33: 147-67. [CrossRef]
Morrato EH, Hill JO, Wyatt HR, Ghushchyan V, Sullivan PW. Physical activity in U.S adults with diabetes and at risk for developing diabetes. Diabetes Care 2007; 30: 203-9. [CrossRef]
Wen J, Lin T, Cai Y, Chen Q, Chen Y, Ren Y, et al. Baduanjin Exercise for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2017; 83: 7-19. [CrossRef]
Sijie Tan, WeiLi, Jianxiong Wang. Effects Of Six Months Of Combined Aerobic And Resistance Training For Elderly Patients With A Long Hıstory Of Type 2 Diabetes. J Sports Sci Med 2012; 11: 495-501.
Smutok MA, Reece C, Kokkinos PF, Farmer CM, Dawson PK, DeVane J, et al. Effects of exercise training modality on glucose tolerance in men with abnormal glucose regulation. Int J Sports Med 1994; 15: 283-9. [CrossRef]