HAYVAN MODELLERİNDE DEPRESYON VE HİPOTİROİDİ

Hipotiroidizm, tiroid bezinin vücudun metabolik gereksinimi için yeterli tiroid hormonu üretememesi durumunda ortaya çıkan, dünya çapında yaygın hastalıklardan biridir. Tiroid hormonları beynin metabolik aktivitesinde kritik bir rol oynamaktadır ve hipotiroidizmin nöropsikiyatrik fonksiyon üzerinde önemli etkileri vardır. Hipotiroidili hastalarda depresif sendrom görülme oranı daha yüksektir. Bununla birlikte, hipotiroidizmin neden olduğu depresyon ve diğer psikiyatrik bozuklukların mekanizması hala belirsizdir. Depresyonun semptomatik bulguları çeşitlidir ve deney hayvanlarında bunların çoğunu modellemek mümkün olmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalar, ötiroid kontrollerle karşılaştırıldığında hipotiroid hayvanların depresyon benzeri davranışları geliştirme olasılığının daha yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu çalışmalarda hipotiroid sıçanlarda, zorunlu yüzme testinde çok daha uzun hareketsizlik süresi gözlenmiştir. Tiroid hormonları ve depresif semptomlararasındaki ilişkinin mekanizmasında özellikle serotonin başta olmak üzere beyindeki nörotransmitter sistemlerin rol aldığı ortaya atılmıştır. Klinik pratikte depresyon ve hipotiroidizm birlikteliğinin yüksek olması sebebiyle, tiroid disfonksiyonu olan hastalarda depresif belirtiler göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Bu derlemede amaç, deneysel hipotiriodi oluşturulmuş kemirgenlerde depresyon benzeri davranışları zorunlu yüzme testi ile incelemektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

depresif semptomlar, hipotiroidizm, nöropsikiyatrik işlevler

DEPRESSION AND HYPOTHYROIDISM IN ANIMAL MODELS

Hypothyroidism is one of the common diseases worldwide that occurs when the thyroid gland is unable to produce enough thyroid hormone for the body's metabolic needs. Thyroid hormones play a critical role in the metabolic activity of the brain, and hypothyroidism has important effects on neuropsychiatric function. The incidence of depressive syndrome is higher in patients with hypothyroidism. However, the mechanism of depression and other psychiatric disorders caused by hypothyroidism is stil unclear. The symptomatic manifestations of depression are diverse and it is possible to model many of them in experimental animal models. Studies have shown that hypothyroid animals are more likely to develop depression like behaviors when compared to euthyroid controls. In these studies, a much longer immobility time was observed in the forced swim test in hypothyroid rats. It has been suggested that neurotransmitter systems in the brain, especially serotonin, are involved in the mechanism of the relationship between thyroid hormones and depressive symptoms. Since the prevalence of hypothyroidism and depression is high in clinical practice, depressive symptoms should be considered in patients with thyroid dysfunction. The aim of this review is to examine depression like behaviors in rodents with experimental hypothyroidism using the forced swim test.

Keywords:

depresif semptomlar, hipotiroidizm, nöropsikiyatrik işlevler,

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