Çocukluk çağı herpes zosterde predispozan faktörler ve klinik özellikler: retrospektif bir çalışma

Amaç: Herpes Zoster, Varisella Zoster Virüsünün reaktivasyonu sonucunda meydana gelen, dermatomal dağılım gösteren veziküller ile karakterize bir hastalıktır. İleri yaşlarda ve immünosupresyonu olan çocuklarda daha sık görülmektedir. Bu çalışma Herpes Zoster tanılı çocukların klinik özelliklerini ve predispozan faktörleri değerlendirmek için tasarlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Ocak 2015 Mart 2021 tarihleri arasında hastanemiz Dermatoloji Polikliniğine başvuran ve Herpes Zoster tanısı alan 16 yaş altı hastaların bilgileri retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Hastaların yaşı, cinsiyeti, şikâyetleri, şikâyetlerinin süresi, suçiçeği aşıları, suçiçeği öyküleri, ek sistemik hastalıkları, eşlik eden viral enfeksiyonlar ve diğer predispozan faktörler belirlendi. Ek olarak döküntünün dermatomal yayılımı, uygulanan tedaviler ve komplikasyonlar gözden geçirildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 67 olgunun 44’ü (%65,7) erkek, 23’ü (%34,3) kadın idi. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 9,7 ± 2,9 yıl idi. En sık görülen şikâyet lezyon bölgesinde kaşıntı idi (%44,8). En sık tutulan dermatom torakal dermatom idi (%56,7). Hiçbir hastada immünosupresyon veya malignite saptanmadı. İki vakada konjonktivit ve üç vakada sekonder bakteryel enfeksiyon gelişmişti. En sık saptanan predispozan faktör: Stres (%38,8) faktörü idi. Sonuç: Herpes Zoster, çocuklarda altta yatan bir immünosupresyonun veya malignitenin kutanöz göstergesi olmayıp klinik olarak iyi bir seyir izlemektedir. Hastalık daha çok stres, viral enfeksiyonlar ve güneş maruziyeti gibi predispozan faktörler eşliğinde karşımıza çıkmaktadır.

Clinical features in childhood herpes zoster and predisposing factors: a retrospective study

Aim: Herpes Zoster is a disease characterized by vesicles with dermatomal distribution, resulting from the reactivation of the Varicella Zoster Virus. It is more common in older ages and in children with immunosuppression. This study was designed to evaluate the clinical features and predisposing factors of children diagnosed with Herpes Zoster. Materials and Methods: Data of the patients under 16 years of age that were diagnosed with Herpes zoster at our dermatology outpatient clinic were retrospectively evaluated between January 2015 and March 2021. Patients' age, gender, complaints, duration of complaints, varicella vaccines, chickenpox history, additional systemic diseases, accompanying viral infections and other predisposing factors were determined. In addition, dermatomal extent of the rash, treatments and complications were reviewed. Results: Out of 67 cases enrolled in the study; 44 (65.7%) were male and 23 (34.3%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 9.7 ± 2.9 years. The most common complaint was itching in the lesion area (44.8%). The most frequently involved dermatome was thoracic dermatome (56.7%). Immunosuppression or malignancy was not detected in any patient. Conjunctivitis developed in two cases and secondary bacterial infection in three cases. The most common predisposing factor was stress (38.8%). Conclusion: Herpes zoster is not a cutaneous indicator of an underlying immunosuppression or malignancy in children and has a good clinical course. The disease is mostly accompanied by predisposing factors such as stress, viral infections and sun exposure.

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