KÜRESEL KEYNESÇİLİK VE KÜRESEL EKONOMİK KRİZ

Hızlanan küreselleşme süreci birkaç onyıldır ekonomik ve finansal krizlerde küresel bulaşıcılıklar yaratmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, küresel Keynesçilik yaklaşımı Keynesçi düşüncenin özüne küresel düzeyde başvurarak, küresel ekonomik sistemin yeniden yapılandırılması için eşsiz bir fırsat olarak gözükmektedir. Son küresel ekonomik kriz de ortaya koymaktadır ki küresel Keynesçi yaklaşımın sağlam önerileri yalnızca ekonomik krizlerle mücadele etmek için değil, (tefeci) kapitalizmin uygarlaştırılması için de yaşamsal bir öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, ilk olarak küresel Keynesçi yaklaşım açıklanmaktadır. Daha sonra, küresel ekonomik krize getirilen küresel Keynesçi öneriler geniş biçimde incelenmektedir

Global Keynesianism and Global Economic Crisis

The increasing globalization process has been producing global contagions in economic and financial crises for some decades. In this context, global Keynesianism approach seems to be a unique opportunity for restructuring global economic system by applying the essence of Keynesian thought at the global level. Recent global economic crisis has also proved that sound proposals provided by global Keynesian approach have very vital importance not only for struggling economic crises but also for humanizing (money-manager) capitalism. In this study, global Keynesianism approach is explained firstly. Then, global Keynesian proposals to recent global economic crisis are widely analyzed

___

  • Akyüz, Y. (2008), “Managing Financial Instability in Emerging Markets: A Keynesian Perspective”, METU Studies in Development, Vol. 35, No. 1, June.
  • Amin, S. (2008), “Financial Collapse, Systemic Crisis? Illusory answers and necessary answers”, Global Research, November 23. Online: http://www. globalresearch.ca/PrintArticle.php?articleId=11099 (Erişim: 6.2.2010).
  • Arestis, P. ve Sawyer, M. (1997), “How many cheers for the Tobin transac- tion tax?”, Cambridge Journal of Economics, Vol. 21, No. 6, November.
  • Arestis, P., Basu, S. ve Mallick, S. (2005), “Financial globalization: the need for a single currency and a global central bank”, Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, Vol. 27, No. 3, Spring.
  • Bağımsız Sosyal Bilimciler (2009), Türkiye’de ve Dünyada Ekonomik Buna- lım, İstanbul: Yordam Kitap, Nisan.
  • Baldacci, E. ve Gupta, S. (2009), “Fiscal Expansions What Works”, Finan- ce and Development, December. Online: http://imf.org/external/pubs/ ft/fandd/2009/12/pdf/baldacci.pdf (Erişim: 6.2.2010).
  • Bello, W. (2009), “A man for this season? Keynes”, Real-World Economics Review, Issue No. 51.
  • Bocutoğlu, E. ve Ekinci, A. (2009), “Genel Teori, Küresel Krizler ve Ye- niden Maliye Politikası”, Maliye Dergisi, Sayı 156, Ocak-Haziran. Online: http://portal1.sgb.gov.tr/calismalar/maliye_dergisi/yayinlar/ md/156/05.Ersan.BOCUTOGLU_Aykut.EKINCI.pdf 6.2.2010). (Erişim:
  • Cohen, P. (2009), “Ivory Tower Unswayed by Crashing Economy”, The New York Times, 4 March. Online: http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/05/ books/05deba.html?_r=1 (Erişim: 6.2.2010).
  • Crotty, J. (2000), “The Case for Capital Controls”, University of Massac- husetts Political Economy Research Institute, Working Paper, July. Online: http://www.peri.umass.edu/fileadmin/pdf/published_study/PS8.pdf (Erişim: 6.2.2010).
  • Crotty, J. (2009), “Structural causes of the global financial crisis: a critical assessment of the ‘new financial architecture”, Cambridge Journal of Eco- nomics, Vol. 33, No. 4, July. Online: http://cje.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/ reprint/33/4/563 (Erişim: 6.2.2010).
  • Çolak, Ö. F. (2009), “2008 Krizinin 1929 Krizi ile Benzerlikleri Üzerine Bir Analiz”, TİSK Akademi, Cilt 4, Özel Sayı 2. Online: http://www. tisk.org.tr/download/akademi/tiskakademi_08.pdf (Erişim: 6.2.2010).
  • Davidson, P. (1997), “Are grains of sand in the wheels of international finance sufficient to do the job when boulders are often required?”, The Economic Journal, Vol. 107, No. 442, May.
  • Davidson, P. (2003), “The Future of the International Financial System”, Conference on the Future of Economics, Cambridge University, Cambrid- ge, September 18. Online: http://bus.utk.edu/econweb/faculty/david- son/cambridgepaper.pdf (Erişim: 3.2.2010).
  • Davidson, P. (2007), John Maynard Keynes, New York: Palgrave Macmil- lan.
  • Davidson, P. (2009), John Maynard Keynes, Second Edition, New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Elsenhans, H. (1996), State, Class and Development, New Delhi: Radiant Publishers.
  • Elsenhans, H. (2000), “Worldwide Keynesianism in an Era of Globalizati- on”, Sixth International Post Keynesian Workshop, Knoxville, 23 June.
  • Ergül, Y. T. ve Arslan, M. O. (2009), “Finansal İstikrarsızlık Hipotezi, To- bin Vergisi ve Uluslararası Finansal Sistem: Post Keynesyen Bir Çerçe- ve”, Ekonomik Yaklaşım, Cilt 20, Sayı 72.
  • Ertürk, K. A. (2006), “On the Tobin Tax”, Review of Political Economy, Vol. 18, No. 1, January.
  • Frankman, M. J. (1997), “Planet-Wide Citizen’s Income: Antidote to Glo- bal Apartheid”, October. Online: http://mfrankman.googlepages.com/ PWCI.HTML (Erişim: 3.2.2010).
  • Frankman, M. J. (2002), “Beyond the Tobin Tax: Global Democracy and a Global Currency”, The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 581, No. 62, May.
  • Frankman, M. J. (2004a), “Ample Room at the Top: Financing a Planet- Wide Basic Income”, Tenth Biennial Meeting of the Basic Income Europe- an Network, Barcelona, September 19-20. Online: http://icesuite.com/ myron.frankman/files/mjfbien10.pdf (Erişim: 3.2.2010).
  • Frankman, M. J. (2004b), World Democratic Federalism: Peace and Justice Indivisible, New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Frenkel, R. ve Rapetti, M. (2009), “Some Reflections on the Current Glo- bal Crisis from a Developing Countries Perspective”, Friedrich Ebert Stiftung Briefing Paper, No. 6, May. Online: http://library.fes.de/pdf- files/iez/global/06373-20090520.pdf (Erişim: 3.2.2010).
  • Galbraith, J. K. (1995), “Global Keynesianism in the Wings”, World Policy Journal, Vol. 12, No. 3, Fall.
  • Galbraith, J. K. ve Sastre, D. M. (2009), “The Generalized Minsky Mo- ment”, University of Texas Inequality Project, Working Paper No. 56, February 2. Online: http://utip.gov.utexas.edu/papers/utip_56.pdf (Erişim: 6.2.2010).
  • Harris, J. M. (1991), “Global Institutions and Ecological Crisis”, World Development, Vol. 19, No. 1, January, Special Issue.
  • International Labour Organization (2008), “A global policy package to address the global crisis”, International Labour Organization Policy Brief, International Labour Office: Geneva.
  • Hudson, D. (2009a), “Global Keynesianism: An Idea Whose Time Has Come”, 50th International Studies Association Annual Convention, Con- ference Paper, New York, February 15.
  • Hudson, D. (2009b), “The Political Economy of the US Bank Bailouts: A Keynesian Critique of the Uncertainty and Liquidity Crises”, June 22. Online: http://davidhudson.files.wordpress.com/2009/06/hudson- kessler-sinclair-09-06-22-d-s.pdf (Erişim: 7.2.2010).
  • Khatiwada, S. (2009), “Stimulus Packages to Counter Global Economic Crisis: A Review”, International Institute for Labour Studies, Discussion Paper No. 196, Geneva. Online: http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bu- reau/inst/publications/discussion/dp19609.pdf (Erişim: 6.2.2010).
  • Köhler, G. (1998a), “The Structure of Global Money and World Tables of Unequal Exchange”, Journal of World-Systems Research, Vol. 4, No. 2, Fall. Online: http://jwsr.ucr.edu/archive/vol4/v4n2a4.php (Erişim: 3.2.2010).
  • Köhler, G. (1998b), “Unequal Exchange 1965-1995: World Trend and World Tables”, World-Systems Archive Working Paper, November. On- line: http://wsarch.ucr.edu/archive/papers/kohler/kohler3.htm (Erişim: 3.2.2010).
  • Köhler, G. (1999a), “A Theory of World Income”, World-Systems Archive Working Paper, January. Online: http://wsarch.ucr.edu/archive/papers/ kohler/KohlerWInc.html (Erişim: 3.2.2010).
  • Köhler, G. (1999b), “Global Keynesianism and Beyond”, Journal of World- Systems Research, Vol. 5, No. 2, Summer. Online: http://jwsr.ucr.edu/ archive/vol5/number2/v5n2_split/jwsr_v5n2_kohler.pdf 3.2.2010). (Erişim:
  • Köhler, G. (2002a), “Global Keynesianism and Beyond”, Köhler ve Tausch (der.), Global Keynesianism: Unequal Exchange and Global Exploitation içinde, New York: Nova Science Publishers.
  • Köhler, G. (2002b), “A Theory of World Income”, Köhler ve Tausch (der.), Global Keynesianism: Unequal Exchange and Global Exploitation içinde, New York: Nova Science Publishers.
  • Köhler, G. (2002c), “Unequal Exchange: World Tables of Unequal Exc- hange 1995”, Köhler ve Tausch (der.), Global Keynesianism: Unequal Exchange and Global Exploitation içinde, New York: Nova Science Pub- lishers.
  • Köhler, G. (2002d), “The Structure of Global Money”, Köhler ve Tausch (der.), Global Keynesianism: Unequal Exchange and Global Exploitation içinde, New York: Nova Science Publishers.
  • Köhler, G. ve Tausch, A. (der.) (2002), Global Keynesianism: Unequal Exc- hange and Global Exploitation, New York: Nova Science Publishers.
  • Kumo, W. (2009), “The Global Economic Crisis and the Resurgence of Keynesian Economics”, 1 March. Online: http://www.politicalarticles. net/blog/2009/03/01/the-global-economic-crisis-and-the-resurgence- of-keynesian-economics/ (Erişim: 6.2.2010).
  • Lapavistas, C. (2009), “Söyleşi: para piyasasında serbestlik değil, merkez bankasının tekeli sözkonusu”, Söyleşiyi yapan: Ü. Akçay, İktisat Dergisi, Sayı 501, Ocak-Şubat.
  • Mead, W. R. (1989), “American Economic Policy in the Antemillenial Era”, World Policy Journal, Vol. 6, No. 3, Summer.
  • Mead, W. R. (1993), “Altered States”, American Prospect, Vol. 5, Issue 16, December. Online: http://www.prospect.org/cs/articles?article=altered_ states (Erişim: 3.2.2010).
  • Minsky, H. P. ve Whalen, C. J. (1996/97), “Economic insecurity and the institutional prerequisites for succesful capitalism”, Journal of Post Key- nesian Economics, Vol. 19, No. 2, Winter.
  • Moore, B. J. (2004), “A global currency for a global economy”, Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, Vol. 26, No. 4, Summer.
  • Ocampo, J. A. (2010), “Why Should The Global Reserve System Be Refor- med?”, Friedrich Ebert Stiftung Briefing Paper, No. 1, New York. Online: http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/iez/global/06952.pdf (Erişim: 6.2.2010).
  • Patomaki, H. (2009), “The Tobin Tax and Global Civil Society Organisa- tions: The Aftermath of the 2008-9 Financial Crisis”, CTT Campaigns, January. Online: http://www.cttcampaigns.info/otrosistema/Patoma- ki8.doc (Erişim: 7.2.2010).
  • Skidelsky, R. J. A. (2009), Keynes: The Return of the Master, New York: PublicAffairs.
  • Spilimbergo, A., Symansky, S., Blanchard, O. ve Cottarelli, C. (2008), “Fiscal Policy for the Crisis”, IMF Staff Position Note, International Monetary Fund, December 29. Online: http://www.imf.org/external/ pubs/ft/spn/2008/spn0801.pdf (Erişim: 3.2.2010).
  • United Nations (2009), Report of the Commission of Experts of the President of the United Nations General Assembly on Reforms of the International Monetary and Financial System, New York: United Nations, Septem- ber 21. Online: http://www.policyinnovations.org/ideas/policy_library/ data/01543/_res/id=sa_File1/UNFinalReport.pdf (Erişim: 7.2.2010).
  • Wallerstein, I. (2009), “Interview: Wallerstein: Capitalism’s Demise?”, In- terviewed by J. Suh, The Hankyoreh, January 8. Online: http://sites. google.com/site/radicalperspectivesonthecrisis/news/wallersteincapita- lismsdemise (Erişim: 6.2.2010).
  • Whalen, C. J. (2009), “A Minsky Perspective on the Global Recession”, The 4th Bi-Annual Cross-Border Post Keynesian Conference, Conference Paper, Buffalo State Collage, Buffalo, New York, 9-10 October. Online: http://faculty.buffalostate.edu/joth/pk2009/Site/program_files/whalen. pdf (Erişim: 6.2.2010).