Pravastatin′in Camımsı Karbon Elektrot üzerinde Kare-dalga Voltametrisi ile İlaç Formülasyonunda Tayini

Lipit düşürücü ilaç olan Pravastatin′in, camımsı karbon elektrot üzerindeki elektrokimyasal davranışı, Britton-Robinson tamponu içerisinde dönüşümlü voltametri ve kare-dalga voltametrisi teknikleri kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Dönüşümlü voltametrik çalışmalar, molekülün tersinmez olarak yürüyen yükseltgenmesinin difüzyon-kontrollü olduğunu göstermiştir. Kare-dalga voltametrisi kullanılarak, Pravastatin′in pH 2.0 değerinde +1.24 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) gerilim değerinde 2.4×10-7-2.8×10-6 M derişim aralığında (saptama sınırı, 5.0×10-8 M) tayini gerçekleştirilmiştir. Önerilen yöntem, Pravastatin′in tablet ilaç şeklinden tayinine başarıyla uygulanmıştır.

Determination of Pravastatin in Drug Formulation by Square-wave Voltammetry on a Glassy Carbon Electrode

The electrochemical behavior of Pravastatin, a lipid-lowering drug, on a glassy carbon electrode was explored in Britton-Robinson buffer by using cyclic and square-wave voltammetry. Cyclic voltammetric studies indicated that the compound underwent irreversible oxidation, which was a diffusion-controlled process. Using square-wave voltammetry, Pravastatin could be determined at +1.24 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) in the concentration range 2.4×10-7-2.8×10-6 M at pH 2.0, with a detection limit of 5.0×10-8 M. The suggested method was successfully applied for the assay of Pravastatin in tablets.

___

  • Referans1 Al-Badr, A.A., Mostafa, G.A.E. 2014. Pravastatin Sodium, Profiles Drug Subst. Excip. Relat. Methodol., vol. 39, p. 433-513.
  • Referans2 Endo, A., Kuroda, M., Tanzawa, K. 2004. Competitive Inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase by ML-236A and ML-236B Fungal Metabolites, Having Hypocholesterolemic Activity, Atheroscler Suppl., vol. 5, p. 39-42.
  • Referans3 Brown, M.S., Faust, J.R., Goldstein, J.L., Kaneko, I., Endo, A. 1978. Induction of 3-hydroxy-3- methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase Activity in Human Fibroblasts Incubated with Compacti n (ML-236B), A Competitive Inhibitor of The Reductase., J. Biol Chem., vol. 253-4, p. 1121- 1128.
  • Referans4 Manzoni, M., Rollini, M., Biosynthesis and Biotechnological Production of Statins by Filamentous Fungi and Application of These Cholesterol-Lowering Drugs., Appl Microbiol Biotechnol., vol. 58, p. 555-564.
  • Referans5 Sorrentino, M.J. 2012. An Update on Statin Alternatives and Adjuncts, Clin. Lipidol., vol. 7, p. 721-730.
  • Referans6 Antal, I., Koneracka, M., Zavisova, V., Kubovcikova, M., Kormosh, Z., Kopcansky, P., Statins Determination: A Review of Electrochemical Techniques, Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem. Vol. 47-6, p. 474-489.
  • Referans7 Siekmeier, R., Gross, W., März, W. 2000. Determination of Pravastatin by High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., vol. 38-9, p. 419-25.
  • Referans8 Ashour, S., Nakshbandi, H., Omar, S. 2008. Quantitative Determination of Pravastatin in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Ultraviolet Detection., Int. J. Biomed.Sci., vol. 4-2, p. 135-139.
  • Referans9 Silva, T.D., Oliveira, M.A., de Oliveira, R.B., Vianna-Soares, C.D., Development and Validation of a Simple and Fast HPLC Method for Determination of Lovastatin, Pravastatin and Simvastatin., J Chromatogr Sci., vol. 50-9, p. 831-838.
  • Referans10 Athota, R.V., Jagarlapudi, S.K., Singampalli, M.R. 2017. Stability Indicating HPLC Method for the Simultaneous Quantification of Aspirin and Pravastatin in bulk and Tablets: Method Development and Validation., J. Appl. Pharm. Sci., vol. 70-3, p. 48-56.
  • Referans11 Balaji, S., Suman, Katteboina. 2009. Development of Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Pravastatin Sodium in Bulk and Tablet Formulations, Int. J. Pharm.Tech. Res., vol. 1-4 , p. 1017-1019.
  • Referans12 El-Olemy, A. 2017. Simultaneous UV Spectrophotometric Determination of Pravastatin Sodium and Pioglitazone Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Preparations, J.A.P.R., vol. 1-3 p. 143-149.
  • Referans13 Kawabata, K., Samata, N., Urasaki, Y., Quantitative Determination of Pravastatin and R-416, Its Main Metabolite in Human Plasma, by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry., J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci., vol. 816-(1-2), p. 73-79.
  • Referans14 Önal, A., Sagirli, O. 2006. Development of a Selective LC Method for the Determination of Pravastatin Sodium, Chromatographia, vol. 64- (3-4), p. 1-6.
  • Referans15 Chen, L., Joshi, P., Piatkivskyi, A., Aguilar, K., Lin, J. 2017. Method Development and Validation for the Determination of Pravastatin in Human Plasma by LC-MS/MS, J. Bioanal. Biomed., vol. 9-3, p. 137-143.
  • Referans16 Üstün, Z., Daldal, Y.D., Aydoğan, A.T., Çubuk Demiralay, E. 2017. An Improved Optimization Study for Determination of Pravastatin in Pharmaceutical Form by Using Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography Method, Karaelmas Sci. Eng. J., vol. 7-2, p. 602-607.
  • Referans17 Kırcalı, K., Tunçel, M., Aboul-Enein, H.Y. 2004. Determination of Pravastatin in Tablets by Capillary Electrophoresis, Il Farmaco, vol. 59-3, p. 241-244.
  • Referans18 Nigoviç, B., Vegar, I. 2008. Capillary Electrophoresis Determination of Pravastatin and Separation of Its Degradation Products, Croat. Chem. Acta, vol. 81-4, p. 615-622.
  • Referans19 Talay Pınar, P., Şentürk, Z. 2017. Voltammetric Investigation of Antiviral Drug Valacyclovir at a Boron-Doped Diamond Electrode in Different Electrolyte Media: Its Determination Enhanced by Anionic Surfactant in Pharmaceuticals and Biological Fluids, Curr. Pharm. Anal., vol. 13-2, p. 175-187.
  • Referans20 Alpar, N., Talay Pınar, P., Yardım, Y., Şentürk, Z. 2017. Voltammetric Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Melatonin and Pyridoxine in Dietary Supplements Using a Cathodically Pretreated Boron-doped Diamond Electrode, Electroanalysis, vol. 29-7, p. 1691-1699.
  • Referans21 Talay Pınar, P., Yardım, Y., Şentürk, Z. 2018. Electrochemical Oxidation of Ranitidine at Poly(dopamine) Modified Carbon Paste Electrode: Its Voltammetric Determination in Pharmaceutical and Biological Samples Based on the Enhancement Effect of Anionic Surfactant, Sens. Actuat. B: Chem., vol. 273, p. 1463-1473.
  • Referans22 Coşkun, N.Y., Aycan, S., Sungur, S. 1997. Differential Pulse Polarographic Determination of Pravastatin Sodium in Tablets, Die Pharmazie, vol. 52, p. 485-486.
  • Referans23 Nigovic, B. 2006. Electrochemical Properties and Square-Wave Voltammetric Determination of Pravastatin, Anal. Bioanal. Chem., vol. 384, p. 431-437.
  • Referans24 Neves, M.M.P.S., Nouws, H.P.A., Delerue-Matos, C. 2010. Carbon Surfaces for the Oxidative Quantification of Pravastatin: Glassy Carbon vs. Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes, J. Food Drug Anal., vol. 18-5, p. 353-357.
  • Referans25 Bard, A.J., Faulkner, L.R. 2001. Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications, 2nd ed.; John Wiley & Sons: New York.
  • Referans26 Ishihama, Y., Nakamura, M., Miwa, T., Kajima, T., Asakawa, T. 2002. A Rapid Method for pKa Determination of Drugs Using Pressure-Assisted Capillary Electrophoresis with Photodiode Detection in Drug Discovery, J. Pharm. Sci., vol. 91, p. 933-942.