Examination of the relationship between the duration and frequency of abuse and the trauma symptoms among survivors of sexual abuse

Amaç: Bu çalışmada istismar süresi, istismar sıklığı ve diğer sosyodemografik değişkenler ile travma belirtilerinin varlığı ve şiddeti arasında ilişkinin olup olmadığını araştırmayı amaçladık. Yöntemler: 2010 yılında Akdeniz Üniversitesi ÇERSH polikliniğine cinsel istismar nedeniyle başvuran 5-17 yaşları arasındaki 65 çocuk ve 65 anne değerlendirmeye alındı. Çocukların DSM IV\'e göre tanısının ve eş tanıların belirlenmesi için Okul Çağı Çocukları için Duygulanım Bozuklukları ve Şizofreni Görüşme Çizelgesi Şimdi ve Yaşam Boyu Versiyonu (K-SADS-PL) uygulanmasının ardından Travma Sonrası Stres Bozukluğu (TSSB) varlığının ve şiddetinin belirlenmesi için çocuk ve gençler için klinisyen tarafından uygulanan travma sonrası stres bozukluğu ölçeğiâ (TSSB-ÖÇE) uygulandı. Annelerde TSSB varlığının ve şiddetinin belirlenmesi için ise klinisyen tarafından uygulanan travma sonrası stres bozukluğu ölçeğiâ (TSSB-Ö)uygulandı. Bulgular: Mağdurların %84,6\'sı (n=55) kız, %15,4\'ü (n=10) ise erkekti. Hem istismar süresi hem de istismar sıklığı ile CAPS (TSSB-ÖÇE) B, C ve D puanları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmadı (P>0,05). Benzer şekilde istismar süresi ve istismar sıklığı ile annenin CAPS (TSSB-Ö) B, C ve D puanları arasında da anlamlı bir ilişki yoktu (P>0,05). Kızlarda, yaşın ve eğitim yılının CAPS (TSSB-ÖÇE) B, C ve D puanları ile pozitif korelasyonu vardı. İstismar yaşı düştükçe anne ve babanın eğitim yılı da düşüş göstermekteydi. Sonuçlar: Cinsel istismar sonrası ruhsal etkilenmede çoklu etmenlerin (bireysel, ailesel ve istismara ait) birlikte rol oynadığını düşünmekteyiz. Ebeveynlerin eğitim düzeyi hem istismar riski hem de çocukta istismar sonrası görülen ruhsal etkilenme ile ilişkili olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Cinsel istismar, TSSB, istismar süresi, istismar sıklığı

Examination of the relationship between the duration and frequency of abuse and the trauma symptoms among survivors of sexual abuse

Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate whether a relationship between the presence and severity of trauma symptoms and duration/frequency of abuse and socio-demographic variables exist or not. Methods: Sixty-five children, aged between 5-17 years, who were admitted to Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department of Akdeniz University Hospital due to sexual abuse have been enrolled to the study with their mothers. Existing psychopathologies of children were evaluated by Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL) and PTSD were evaluated by Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for Children and Adolescents (CAPS-CA). For identifying PTSD in their parents Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) was used. Results: 84.6% of victims (n = 55) were female and15.4% (n = 10) were male. There was no significant relationship between the frequency and duration of abuse and CAPS B, C, and D scores (P> 0.05). Similarly, no significant relationship was present between the frequency and duration of abuse and CAPS B, C, and D scores of the mothers (P> 0.05). In females, age and education level were positively correlated with the CAPS B, C and D scores. Parents' education level was tending to be lower by decreasing age of victimized children. Conclusion: Multiple factors (personal, familial, and pertaining to abuse) may play role in the impact of abuse on mental health of survivors of sexual abuse. Education levels of parents seem to be related with both the abuse risk of children and its impact on the child\'s mental health after sexual abuse.

Keywords:

Sexual abuse, PTSD, frequency of abuse, duration of abuse,

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