Fosfor ile Zenginleştirilmiş Biyokömürün Marul Bitkisinin (Lactucasativa L. cv. Maritima) Gelişimi ve Mineral Element Konsantrasyonu Üzerine Etkisi

Tavuk gübresinden elde edilmiş biyokömür (BK) ve fosfor ile zenginleştirilmiş biyokömürün (BK+fosfor) marul bitkisinin birinci ve ikinci ürün verim ve mineral element konsantrasyonlarına etkisi belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada marul bitkisi kontrol ile P konsantrasyonu 200 mg kg-1 olacak şekilde fosfor, BK ve BK+fosfor uygulamaları ile vejetasyon dönemi boyunca yetiştirilmiştir. Hasat edilen bitkilerin yaş ağırlıkları ile N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu ve Mn konsantrasyonları belirlenmiştir. Bitkilerin ilk hasatının ardından aynı saksılara uygulamaların bakiye etkisini belirlemek amacıyla tekrar marul fidesi dikilmiş ve ilk hasattaki parametler üzerine etkisi belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda en yüksek yaş ağırlık her iki denemede de fosfor ve BK+fosfor uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. Birinci denemeden elde edilen ürünün N konsantrasyonları üzerine uygulamaların etkisi istatistiki olarak önemli bir fark yaratmazken, ikinci üründe en yüksek N konsantrasyonu BK ve BK+fosfor uygulamasında belirlenmiştir. Her iki üründe de en yüksek P, K, Ca ve Mg konsantrasyonunu BK+fosfor uygulamasında belirlenmiştir. Uygulamaların birinci ve ikinci ürünün Fe, Zn, Cu ve Mn konantrasyonları üserine etkisi farklı olmuştur. Bu araştırma sonucunda tükenmekte olan fosfor kaynaklarının daha etkin kullanılabilmeleri için biyokömür ile fosforun karıştırılarak uygulanmasının etkili bir strateji olacağını söylemek mümkündür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Biyokömür, fosforca zenginleştirilmiş biyokömür, fosfor, marul.

Effect of Phosphorous-Enriched Biochar on the Growth and Mineral Element Concentration of Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L. cv. Maritima)

The effectiveness of phosphorus, poultry manure-derived biochar (BC) and phosphorus-enriched biochar (BC+phosphorus) on fresh weight and mineral element concentration of first and second harvest of lettuce plant. In this purpose Maritima lettuce cultivars were grown with control and phosphorus, BC and BC+ phosphorus application, phosphorus concentration were to be 200 mg kg-1, during the vegetation period. After the first harvest, on the growth, and P, N, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn concentration of lettuce plant were determined. After the harvesting, determined to residual effect on the same pot phosphorus, BC and BC+phosphorus were applied into the same pot. After the first harvesting phosphorus, BC and BC+phosphorus were applied into the same pot to determine the residual effect of application on lettuce plant, and plant growth and N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu concentrations were determined. As a result, the wet weight were determined were highest in the both yield by phosphorus and BC+phosphorus application. There were not statistically significant difference between the treatments on N concentration of the first crop. For the second crop, N concentrations of BC and BC+phosphorus were the highest. The highest P, K, Ca and Mg concentrations of the first and second crop was determined with BC+ P application. Depending on the application, there were differences on Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn concentration of both yields. The results of this research suggest that using phosphorus enriched biochar alternatively to the commercial phosphorus fertilizers is seems to be a good strategy to protect declining phosphate reserves.

Keywords:

Biochar, phosphorous-enriched biochar, phosphorus, lettuce.,

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