Hastanede Yatan Çocuklarda Yaratıcı Oyun Yöntemi ile Hastalık ve Hastane Kavramı: Niteliksel Bir Çalışma Hastanede Yatan Çocuk

Amaç: Hastaneye yatmak, çocuklar ve aileler için korku yaratan olumsuz bir deneyimdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı hastanede yatan okul çağı çocuklarının “hastalık ve hastane” hakkındaki duygu ve düşüncelerinin öğrenmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma bir devlet hastanesinin çocuk servisinde yatan 100 çocuk ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Niteliksel olarak planlanan bu çalışmada hastanede yatan okul çağı çocuklarının hastalık ve hastane ilgili düşüncelerini ortaya çıkarmayı amaçlayan yaratıcı oyun yöntemi ile cümle tamamlama testi uygulanmıştır. Cümle tamamlama testine, araştırmacılar tarafından içerik analizi yapılarak tema ve kategoriler oluşturulmuştur. Çalışma için etik kurul ve gerekli izinler alınmıştır. Bulgular: Çocuklar için sağlık-hastalık algısı, hastane deneyimi, endişeler ve hastaneden beklentiler olarak dört kategoriden oluşmaktadır. Hasta çocuklar, sağlığı kendini iyi hissetmek ve güçlü olmak, hastalığı kendini kötü hissetmek aileden, arkadaşlardan ve okuldan ayrılmak, hiçbir şey yapamamak olarak tanımlamışlardır. Hastanede yatmayı kötü, üzücü bir duygu ve korkunç bir deneyim olarak belirtmişlerdir. Hastanede aileden, okuldan, arkadaşlarından, öğretmenlerinden ayrı oldukları, derslerinden geri kaldıkları için üzüntü duyduklarını ifade etmişlerdir. Çocukların hastanedeki beklentilerinden bazıları ise kalınan odada oyuncak olması, hastanede büyük bir oyun alanının olması, okulda kaçırdığı dersleri odasından takip edebileceği bir imkan olmasıdır. Sonuç: Araştırmamızda hastanede yatan okul çağı çocuklarının en büyük endişelerinin aileden, okuldan, arkadaşlarından ve derslerinden ayrı kalması olarak belirlenmiştir.

Disease and Hospital Concept with Creative Play Method in Hospitalized Children: A Qualitative Study Hospitalized Children

Objective: Hospitalization is a fearful negative experience for children and families. The aim of this study is to learn the feelings and thoughts of school age children hospitalized in the hospital about “illness and hospital”. Material and Method: The study was carried out with 100 children hospitalized in the pediatric ward of a state hospital. In this qualitatively planned study, a sentence completion test was applied with the creative play method aiming to reveal the illness and hospital-related thoughts of hospitalized school-age children. In the sentence completion test, the themes and categories were created by content analysis by the researchers. Ethics committee and necessary permissions were obtained for the study. Results: The Health-illness perception for children consists of four categories, being hospital experience, concerns, and expectations from the hospital. Sick children defined health as feeling good and strong, illness as feeling bad, leaving family, friends and school, and being unable to do anything. They reported staying in the hospital as a bad, sad feeling and a terrible experience. They stated that they regret being separated from their family, school, friends, and teachers in the hospital, and they missed their lessons. Some of the expectations of the children in the hospital are toys in the room, a large playground in the hospital, and an opportunity to follow the lessons they missed at school from their room. Conclusion: In our study, it was determined that the most important concern of school-age children who were hospitalized was their separation from family, school, friends, and lessons.

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