The Comparison of the Effectiveness of Local Ice and Manual Pressure Applications in Decreasing Pain Related to Intramuscular Injection

Objective: Because of the pain they cause, intramuscular (IM) injection applications can constitute a negative experience for both the patients and the nurses performing the application. This study was planned to compare the effectiveness of local ice and manual pressure applications in decreasing the injection pain experienced by patients. Methods: This study performed a university hospital in Turkey. One hundred and thirty five patients, 45 in the local ice group, 45 in the manual pressure group and 45 in the control group, met the inclusion criteria and completed the study. The local ice group received cold ice application to the injection area before injection. The manual pressure group received pressure applied by the researcher to the injection area before injection. The control group received routine injection. Study data was collected using the Wong‐Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale (WBS) and the Visual Analog Pain Scale (VAS). Results: As a result of the study, no difference was found between the groups in which manual pressure and local ice applications were applied. However, a statistically significant difference was found between the experimental groups (manual pressure and local ice) and the control group. The mean ± standard deviation WBS and VAS scores of the control group (2.22±0.84 and 13.13±13.49, respectively) were statistically significantly higher than the groups in which manual pressure (1.82±0.80 and 8.11±9.13, respectively) and local ice (1.80±0.69 and 7.26±4.98, respectively) were applied. Conclusions: It was concluded that local ice and manual pressure applications before IM injections were effective in decreasing the injection pain of patients.

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