The New Diffusion Tensor and the Equatorial Anomaly Altitudes of F-Region

In this study, the difference (?D = D(??0)- D(?=0)) of the classical diffusion tensor (D0, D1, D for both steady-state and unsteady-case) for F- region of the ionosphere at the equatorial region is investigated by taking (B=B0z), the geometry of the Earth's magnetic field and by neglecting the neutral winds velocity (U). The measurements were made in the height (280,300,340,390 and 410 km) where the equatorial anomaly was observed predominantly. The magnitudes of the difference of classical diffusion tensor for electrons are ?D0>?D1 >?D2 for all seasons with respect to both 12.00LT and 24.00LT at F-region. However, ?D1 and ?D2 are bigger during nighttime than daytime and show a behavior reverse to the change with latitude of electron density in the magnetic equator. It is possible to say that the behavior of them can be the result of electromagnetic drift and dynamo effect.

PDF

___

1. Rishbeth, H. and Garriot, O. K. Introduction to Ionospheric Physics; Academic Pres: New York, 1969; 175-186.
2. Schunk, R. and Nagy, A. Ionospheres: physics, plasma physics, and chemistry; Cambridge university press: New York, 2009; 150-200.
3. Maurice J-PST, Schunk R. W. Diffusion and heat flow equations for the mid- latitude topside ionosphere, Planetary and Space Science, 1977, 25, 907-920.
4. Sagir, S.; Yesil, A.; Sanac, G.; Unal, I. The characterization of diffusion tensor for mid-latitude ionospheric plasma, Annals of Geophysics, 2014, 57(2), A0216.
5. Rishbeth H. A review of Ionospheric F Region Theory, Proceeding of the IEEE, 1965, 55, 16-35.
6. Bittencourt, J. A. Fundamentals of plasma physics; Springer Science & Business Media: New York. 2013; 50-140.
7. Johnson F. S, The ion distribution above the Fz-maximum, Journal of Geophysical Research, 1960, 65, 577.
8. Mange P, The distribution of minor ions in electrostatic equilibrium in the high atmosphere, Journal of Geophysical Research, 1960, 65, 3833.
9. Schunk R. W, and Walker J. C. G, Thermal diffusion in the F2 region of ionosphere, Planetary and Space Science, 1970, 18, 535-557.
10. Bauer S. J, The structure of the topside ionosphere, Journal of Atmospheric Science, 1962, 12, 276-279.
11. Evans J. V, Julian R. F, Reid W. A. Incoherent scatter measurements of F-region density, temperatures and vertical velocity at Millstone Hill, M.I.T. Lincoln Lab. Rep., 1970, 477.
12. Zhilinskii A. P, Tsendin L.D, Collisional diffusion of a partlyionized plasma in magnetic field, Soviet Physics Uspekhi, 1980, 131, 343-385.
13. Chukwuma V.U, Adekoya B.J, The effects of March 20 2015 solar eclipse on the F2 layer in the mid-latitude, Advances in Space Research, 2016, 58, 1720-1731.
14. Domingeuez H. J, Use of Quantum Mechanical Methods to Obtain a Bohm- Type Coefficient of Diffusion, Acta Polonica, 2009, A(116), 197-201.
15. Rishbeth H, The ionospheric E-layer and F-layer dynamos - a tutorial review, Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 1997, 1873-1880.
16. Rishbeth H, On the theory of diffusion in the ionosphere, Geophysical journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 1975, 41, 311- 317.
17. Yesil A.,Sagir, S., Ozcan, O, Comparison of maximum electron density predicted by IRI-2001 with that measured over Chilton station, Physical Science (NWSA- New World Sciences Academy) 2009, 4(3), 92-99.
18. Aydogdu, M and Ozcan, O, The possible effects of the magnetic declination on the wave polarization coefficients at the cutoff point. Progress in Electromagnetic Research, PIER, 2001; 30, 179-190.
19. Özcan O, Aydoğdu M, and Ünal İ, Effect of the adiabatic sound speed on the electric conductivities of the Ionospheric plasma, Balkan Physics Letters, 1998, 6(3), 204-213.
20. Aydoğdu, Güzel, E, Yeşil, A., Özcan O, Canyılmaz M, Comparison of the Calculated Absorption and the Measured Field Strength of HF Waves Reflected from the Ionosphere, Il Nuovo Cimento, 2007, 30(3), 243-253.
21. Özcan O, and Aydoğdu M, Altitudinal Variations of the Conductivity of the ionospheric plasma over Turkey, Balkan Physics Letters, 1993, 1(3, 4), 65-71.
22. Katiev A.V, and Biernat H.K, On the effect of geomagnetic field diffusion at the magnetopause, Planetary and Space Science, 2002, 50, 811-816.