Pelin AKSEN-CENGİZHAN, Mehmet GÜLÜ, Gamze ERİKOĞLU-ÖRER, Ali Ahmet DOĞAN

Basketbolda Farklı Gruplama Yöntemleriyle Oynanan Dar Alan Oyunlarının Egzersiz Şiddetlerinin Karşılaştırılması

Bu araştırma basketbolda farklı gruplama yöntemleriyle oynanan dar alan oyunlarının egzersiz şiddetlerini karşılaştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya 24 erkek basketbolcu (yaş=14.6±0.51 yıl, vücutağırlığı=70.24±12.57 kg, boy=176.3±4.11 cm) gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Başlangıçta sporcuların vücut kompozisyonu hesaplanmış ardından 1.gün 20 m mekik koşusu uygulanarak maksimal oksijen kapasiteleri (VO2maks) tespit edilmiş, VO2maks sonuçlarına göre sporcular 48 saat arayla 3x3 ve 4x4 dar alan oyunu oynayacak şekilde gruplandırılmıştır. 3.gün 3x3, 5.gün 4x4 yarı saha 10’ar dakika dar alan oyunu oynatılmıştır. Oyun süresince kalp atım hızları (KAH) takip edilmiş, oyun sonrası sporcuların kulak memesinden laktik asit (LA) ölçümü yapılmıştır. Maç sonrası Algılanan zorluk derecesi (AZD) Borg Skalası yardımıyla kaydedilmiştir. 3x3 ve 4x4 dar alan oyunlarının gruplar arası dinlenik ve maksimal KAH, LA ve AZD arasındaki farklılıklar Wilcoxon Signed Rank testi ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre 3x3 dar alan oyunlarında KAHdinlenme 84.10±7.77 atım/dk, KAHmaks184.40±12.89 atım/dk, LAdinlenme 1.45±0.46 mmol/L, LAmaks 4.55±2.20 mmol/L, AZD 11.60±2.17; 4x4 dar alan oyunlarında KAHdinlenme 81.00±11.46 atım/dk, KAHmaks188.10±10.35 atım/dk, LAdinlenme 2.25±0.66 mmol/L, LAmaks 4.39±1.68 mmol/L, AZD 11.10±1.60 olarak bulunmuştur. 3x3 ve 4x4 dar alan oyunlarında KAH, LA ve AZD arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunamamıştır (p>0.05). Sonuç olarak, basketbolda yarı sahada oynanan 3x3 ve 4x4 oynanan dar alan oyunlarına verilen fizyolojik cevaplar benzerlik göstermektedir. Bu tarz dar alan oyunları egzersiz şiddeti bakımından farklı adaptasyonlar yaratmasa da teknik anlamda adaptasyonlar sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Planlanacak araştırmalar için farklı oyun süreleri, topla buluşma sayıları azaltılarak ya da benzer teknik beceriye sahip kişilerden oluşan gruplandırmalar yapılarak fizyolojik cevaplar tekrar değerlendirilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Algılanan Zorluk Derecesi, Basketbol, Kalp Atım Hızı, Laktik Asit, VO2maks

Comparison of the Exercise Intensities of Small Sided Games Played with Different Grouping Methods in Basketball

The purpose of this study was to compare the exercise intensities of small sided games played with different grouping methods in basketball. Twenty-four male basketball players (age=14.6±0.51 years, bodyweight=70.24±12.57 kg, height=176.3±4.11 cm) volunteered to participate in the study. In the beginning, the body weight, body height, body fat percentage and body mass index of the basketball players were measured. Then their maximal oxygen capacities (VO2max) were determined after the 1st day 20 m shuttle run and the players were grouped according to their VO2max results with an interval of 48 hours to play 3x3 and 4x4 small sided games. On the 3rd day 3x3, on the 5th day 4x4 half court (14x15 m) small sided games each for 10 minutes were played. During the game, the players’ heart rates (HR) were followed with a Polar watch and within 2 minutes after the game the players’ lactic acid (LA) level was measured with the arterial blood taken from their earlobes. After the game, the rate of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded with the Borg Scale. The differences between the rest and maximal HR, LA and RPE between group 3x3 and 4x4 small sided games were compared with the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. According to the results of the analysis, in the 3x3 small sided games, HRrest was 84.10±7.77 beat/min, HRmax was 184.40±12.89 beat/min, LArest was 1.45±0.46 mmol/L, LAmax was 4.55±2.20 mmol/L and RPE was 11.60±2.17; in the 4x4 small sided games, HRrest was 81.00±11.46 beat/min, HRmax was 188.10±10.35 beat/min, LArest was 2.25±0.66 mmol/L, LAmax was 4.39±1.68 mmol/L and RPE was 11.10±1.60. A statistically significant difference was not found between HR, LA and RPE in the 3x3 and 4x4 small sided games (p>0.05). As a result, the physiological reactions given to the 3x3 and 4x4 small sided games in basketball display similarities. Although these kinds of small sided games do not create different adaptations in terms of exercise intensity, it is considered that they will provide adaptations technically. For the future studies planned, different game times can be considered, the players’ number of meeting with the ball can be decreased or groupings can be done with players who have similar technical skills and the physiological results can be evaluated again.

Keywords:

Heart Rate, Lactic Acid, Basketball, Rate of Perceived Exertion, VO2max,

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