Endirekt Merkeziyet Ölçüm Endeksleri ile Uluslararası Ticaret Ağında Güç Analizi

Ağ yapılarında güç ya da merkeziyet analizi hakkındaki araştırmalar her geçen gün daha önemli hale gelmektedir. Bu çalışmanın da temel amacı, güncel verilerle ülkelerarası ticaret ağ yapısında farklı endeksler bazında merkezi gücü kendinde toplayan ülkelerin ortaya çıkarılmasıdır. Ağ yapılarında güç ölçümü yapılabilmesi için doğrudan ilişkilerin etkisini hesaplayan merkezilik ölçütlerinin (Direkt Etki Hesaplama Yöntemleri) yanı sıra dolaylı ilişkileri de hesaba katan ve klasik merkezilik endeksleri tarafından göz önünde bulundurulmayan etkileşim yoğunluklarını hesaplamaya dahil eden merkezilik endeksleri (Endirekt Etki Hesaplama Yöntemleri) geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın temel problemi geliştirilen merkeziyet endekslerinin, özellikle de merkezilik ölçütleri literatüründeki en yeni ölçütler olan ve sınırlı uygulama literatürü bulunan Endirekt Etki Hesaplama Yöntemlerinin, uluslararası ticaret ağı üzerinde uygulanabilirliğinin araştırılması ve farklı ölçütlere göre elde edilen sonuçların karşılaştırılmasıdır.

Assessment of Tourism Sector for Turkish Economy: An Input – Output Analysis

Tourism sector is one of the important sectors for the countries in terms of increasing employment opportunities, providing income for the economy and raising the foreign currency earnings. Employing 2002 and 2012 input-output tables, the aim of this study is to assess tourism sector of Turkey with the input-output model. According to the results obtained, sectors related to tourism are slightly above the average among all other sectors in terms of employment multipliers, output multipliers and forward - backward linkage effects. The multipliers and linkage effects of these sectors have generally increased in the year of 2012 compared to 2002. Based on Hirschman categories, although the importance of sectors related to tourism generally increased compared to the year of 2002, these sectors are not in the “key sector” category. Consequently, policies increasing the linkages of the tourism sector with the overall economy should be implemented.

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