Kentsel Peyzaj Değişiminin Zamansal ve Mekansal Analizi: Burdur Kenti Örneği

Bu araştırmada, 2012 ve 2018 arazi kullanım/arazi örtüsü (AKAÖ) haritaları kullanılarak Burdur İli Merkez İlçesi'nde peyzaj değişiklikleri incelenmiştir. Veri analizinde ArcMap 10.8 ve FRAGSTATSTM 4.2 yazılımlarından faydalanılmıştır. AKAÖ üzerindeki değişiklikler Sınıf Alanı (CA), Parça Sayısı (NP), Parça Yoğunluğu (PD), Peyzajın Oranı (PLAND) ve Ortalama Parça Büyüklüğü (AREA_MN) metrikleri kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. 2012 ve 2018 yılları arasında maden/inşaat/kullanılmayan araziler en büyük artışı (%122,34) göstermişken, en büyük azalış (%19,68) sulak alanlarda meydana gelmiştir. AKAÖ sınıfları arasında en büyük dönüşüm (7.016,07 ha) tarımsal alanlar ile doğal/yarı doğal alanlar arasında olmuştur. Endüstriyel/ticari alanlarda ve sulak alanlarda parçalanma artmış, tarımsal alanlarda ve doğal/yarı doğal alanlarda ise parçalanma azalmıştır. Sonuç olarak, 6 yıl gibi kısa bir sürede meydana gelen peyzaj değişimleri önemli soru işaretlerini gündeme getirmektedir. Bu değişiklikler hiç şüphesiz ekosistem hizmetlerini ve ekolojik süreçleri olumsuz etkileyecektir. Ekosistem hizmetleri ve ekolojik süreçlerin aksamaması için gerekli önlemler alınmalıdır. Burdur kenti için geniş kapsamlı bir kentsel yeşil altyapı stratejisi ve planının hazırlanması bu yolda önemli bir adım olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Peyzaj deseni, peyzaj değişimi/dönüşümü, peyzaj ekolojisi, peyzaj metrikleri, peyzaj parçalanması

Temporal and Spatial Analysis of Urban Landscape Change: The Case of Burdur, Turkey

In this study, were examined landscape changes in the Central District of Burdur Province using 2012 and 2018 land use/land cover (LULC) maps. ArcMap 10.8 and FRAGSTATSTM 4.2 software were used for data analysis. Changes on LULC were determined using Class Area (CA), Number of Patch (NP), Patch Density (PD), Proportion of Landscape (PLAND) and Mean Patch Size (AREA_MN) metrics. Between 2012 and 2018, mining/construction/vacant land showed the greatest increase (122,34%). The biggest decrease (19,68%) occurred in wetlands. The biggest transformation (7.016,07 ha) among LULC classes has been between agricultural areas and natural/semi-natural areas. Fragmentation has increased in industrial/commercial areas and wetlands, whereas fragmentation has decreased in agricultural areas and natural/semi-natural areas. As a result, landscape changes in a short period of 6 years raise important question marks. These changes will undoubtedly affect ecosystem services and ecological processes negatively. Thus, necessary measures should be taken to prevent disruption of ecosystem services and ecological processes. The preparation of a comprehensive urban green infrastructure strategy and plan for the city of Burdur will be an important step in this direction.

Keywords:

Landscape pattern, landscape change/transformation, landscape ecology, landscape metrics, landscape fragmentation,

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