Yapılarda kullanılan malzemelerden yayılan doğal radyasyonun araştırılmasına yönelik çalışmalar

Bu derlemede, çeşitli yapı malzemelerinde var olan 226Ra, 232Th, 40K radyoaktif izotoplarından yayılan gama radyasyonun aktivitesinin ve bu aktivitelere bağlı olan radyum eşdeğer aktivitesi, gama ve alfa indeksi, soğurulan gama doz oranı ile iç ve dış risk indeksleri gibi radyolojik parametrelerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla Türkiye’de ve diğer ülkelerde yapılmış araştırmalar ve sonuçları incelenerek okuyucuların dikkatine sunulmuştur. Yapılan çalışmaların genelinde granit ve kum örneklerindeki doğal radyoaktivite diğer malzemelere oranla daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Aktivitesi yüksek bulunan bazı çimento örneklerinde, yüksek radyoaktivtenin kaynağının çimentoda katkı malzemesi olarak kullanılan kül’den kaynaklandığı belirtilmiştir. Bu konuda yapılan çalışmaların sayıları ve elde edilen sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde, yapı malzemelerinden yayılan doğal radyoaktivitenin belirlenmesinin uzun vadede insan sağlığının korunmasına önemli katkıları olacağı görülmektedir.

Studies on the investigation of natural radiation emitted from building materials

In this rewiev, studies performed in Turkey and in abroad in order to determine the gamma activities of the 226Ra, 232Th, 40K isotopes existed in the various building materials and the radiological parameters depending on the activities such as, radium equivalent activity, gamma and alpha indexes, absorbed ratio of gamma dose, internal and external hazard indexes, are investigated and their results are summarized for the readers. In the performed studies, the radioactivities of the granite and sand samples are found to be higher than the other materials. In some cement specimens with high activity, it was reported that the source of high radioactivity originates from the ash, which is commonly used as an additive material in cement. When the number of studies and their results are considered, it is understood that the determination of natural radioactivity emitted from building materials will be very important for the protection of human health in a long term.

Keywords:

Natural radioactivity building material, radiological parameter,

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