Şebekeden Bağımsız Ev Tipi Uygulamaları için PCM Destekli PV/T Kollektörlerinin Deneysel Analizi

Enerji depolamalı fotovoltaik termal kollektörlerde (PV/T) güneş enerjisinin verimini incelemek için deneysel bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Hem elektrik enerjisi hem de sıcak su üretmek için bir fotovoltaik termal kollektör imal edilmiştir. PV/T kollektörlerinin eğim açısının; güç, sıcaklık, enerji ve ekserji değerlerine etkileri ile hücresel gölgelendirmenin etkileri araştırılmıştır. PV/T kollektörlerden birinin içine faz değişim malzemesi (PCM) eklenerek PV/T kollektörüyle karşılaştırılarak farklı gölgeleme koşullarının (küçük, orta ve büyük daire) PV/T kollektörünün optimum eğim açısındaki gücü ve sıcak su çıkışı üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. PV/T kollektörü ile PV/T-PCM kollektörü arasındaki sıcak su çıkışında 7 ºC sıcaklık farkı oluştuğu bulunmuştur. PV/T-PCM kollektörünün en yüksek enerji verimleri sırasıyla 25º, 30º ve 35º eğim açısı için %73,26, %84,70 ve %68,96 olarak elde edilmiştir. Gölgeli kollektörlerin en yüksek ekserji verimleri ise PV/T kollektör için % 11,92 ve PV/T-PCM kollektörü için ise %23,38 olarak bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Fotovoltaik/Termal, Faz Değiştiren Malzeme, Açı, Enerji, Ekserji, Gölgelenme

Experimental Analysis of PV/T Collectors Assisted with PCM for Off-Grid Domestic Applications

An experimental study was carried out to examine the efficiency of solar energy in photovoltaic thermal collectors (PV/T) with energy storage. A photovoltaic thermal collector was used to generate both electrical energy and hot water. The effects of inclination angle of PV/T collectors on power, temperature, energy and exergy values were investigated. Also, effects of cellular shading are tested and discussed. PV/T was compared with the conventional PV/T collector by adding phase change material (PCM) for one of the collectors. In addition, the effect of different shading conditions (small, medium and large circle) on the power and hot water output of the PV/T collector at optimum slope angle were investigated. It is found that 7 ºC temperature differences are occurred in the hot water outlet between the PV/T collector and the PV/T-PCM collector. The highest energy efficiencies of PV/T-PCM collectors are obtained as 73.26%, 84.70% and 68.96% for slope angle 25º, 30º and 35º, respectively. The highest exergy efficiencies of shaded collectors are obtained as 11.92% for PV/T and 23.38% for PV/T-PCM.

Keywords:

Photovoltaic/Thermal, Phase Change Material, Angle, Energy, Exergy, Shading,

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