Persea americana Metanolik ve Etanolik Bitki Ekstraktlarının in vitro Biyolojik Aktivite ve Kimyasal Bileşiminin Karşılaştırmalı Çalışması

Bu çalışmanın amacı, çeşitli çözücülerde, etanol ve metanolde geri akıtılan Persea Americana bitkisinin biyolojik aktivitesini, kimyasal bileşimini, antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal aktivitesini değerlendirmek ve karşılaştırmaktır. Persea Americana, Türk tıbbı için oldukça yeni olan ve 10 yaşından küçük olduğu gibi Türkiye'de görülmeye başlayan bir bitkidir. Bazı cilt problemlerini ve diyareyi tedavi etmek için kullanılmaktadır. Çalışmamızda, bitki özütlemesi için çeşitli çözücüler kullanılmış ve etanol çözücüsü ile üretilen özütler ve metanol çözücüsü ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Yaprak ekstraktının kimyasal bileşenleri, gaz kromatografisi / kütle spektrometrisi (GC / MS) tekniği kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Broth mikrodilüsyon ve Kirby bauer teknikleri kullanılarak in vitro antimikrobiyal analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Antioksidan aktivite için 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) serbest radikal temizleme tekniği uygulanmıştır. Etanol sulu ekstrakt (EAE) IC50 değeri 2.4mg/mL ve metanol sulu ekstrakt (MAE) IC50 değeri sırasıyla 2.51mg/ml olarak saptanmıştır. Literatüre göre, IC50 değeri ne kadar düşükse, molekül DPPH testinde o kadar güçlüdür, böylece IC50'nin sonuçları güçlü bir antioksidan olarak görülebilir, bu nedenle oldukça güçlüdür. MAE ve EAE için antioksidan aktivitesi incelenmiştir. Antioksidan aktivitesinin konsantrasyon arttıkça arttığı gözlenmiştir. Çeşitli çözücü ekstraktlarının antibakteriyel aktiviteleri incelenmiş ve Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus Aureus ve Salmonella typhrium bakterileri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Sulu ekstraktların özellikle S. Aureus and E. Coli bakterilerin de uygun miktarda mikrobiyal aktivite gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Her iki ekstrakt koşulunda Persea Americana, güçlü antioksidan ve güçlü antimikrobiyal aktivite gösterdiği, biyolojik aktivitelerinden sorumlu bileşikleri ortaya çıkaran etkileyici miktarda kimyasal bileşeni olduğu bulunmuştur.

Comparative study of Biological activity and chemical composition of Methanolic and Ethanolic plant extracts of Persea americana leaves

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare biological activity, chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity ofPersea Americana mill refluxed in various solvents, ethanol and methanol respectively. Persea Americana is a plant that is quite newto the turkish medicine and found its way to Turkey as it is little over 10 years old in use. It has been used to treat certain skin problemsanddiahrea. The plant extraction was done with various solvents and comparison was done between the extracts produced by ethanolsolvent and that of methanol solvent. Chemical constituents of the leaf extract were analyzed using techniques of gaschromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The methods employed for in vitro antimicrobial screening were the broth microdilutionassay and Kirby bauer assay. The technique 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging was applied for antioxidantactivity. The ethanol aqueous extract (EAE) IC50 value of 2,4 mg / mL and methanol aqueous extract (MAE) IC50 value was 2,51mg/ml respectively. According to literature the lesser the IC50 value the more potent the molecule is in the DPPH assay, therefore theresults of the IC50 for could be viewded as a powerful antioxidant thus it is highly potent. Scavenging activity for the MAE and EAEwere analyzed. Scavenging/inhibition activity increases as concentration increases. The antibacterial activities of the various solventextract were screened and compared against to Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus Aureus and Salmonella typhrium. Theaqueous extracts showed a favourable amount of microbial activity, especially on S. Aureus and E. coli. Persea Americana in both extractconditions showed strong antioxidant ability, strong antimicrobial activity and gave an impressive amount of chemical componentswhich reveal the compounds responsible for its biological activities.

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