LİDER ÜYE ETKİLEŞİMİ VE PSİKOLOJİK GÜÇLENDİRME ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: HİZMET SEKTÖRÜNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Psikolojik olarak güçlendirilmiş astlar kurumlarına daha fazla bağlılık hissederler, yüksek iş tatminine, düşük işten ayrılma niyetine ve iş gerilimine sahiptirler, yenilikçi davranışlara, yüksek performansa ve çözüm üretmeye daha yatkındırlar. Psikolojik güçlendirme; çalışma ortamındaki koşullara bağlıdır. Çalışma yaşamında; liderle etkileşim ve örgütle uyum, çalışanlar için örgütün bir tezahürü gibidir. Bazı araştırmalar, lider-üye etkileşimi ve kişi-örgüt uyumunun, tamamlayıcı veya güçlendirici doğasına işaret etmiştir. Ancak, bu iki değişkenin birlikte hareket etme mekanizması hakkında daha fazla bilgiye ihtiyacımız vardır. Lider-üye etkileşimi, psikolojik güçlendirme ve kişi-örgüt uyumunun etkileşimini ortaya koymak amacıyla, konaklama sektöründe, İstanbul'daki 5 yıldızlı otellerde bir araştırma yapılmasına karar verilmiştir. Veriler, kolayda örnekleme yoluyla ulaşılan 252 çalışana anket uygulanarak toplanmıştır. Veri analizi SPSS 22, Process Macro v3.4 ve AMOS 26.0.0 ile yapılmıştır. Sonuçlara göre, lider-üye etkileşiminin psikolojik güçlendirme üzerindeki etkisi, kişi-örgüt uyumu arttıkça güçlenmektedir. Ancak, düşük kişi-örgüt uyumu değerlerinde, lider-üye etkileşiminin psikolojik güçlendirme üzerindeki etkisi anlamsız hale gelmektedir. Dolayısıyla, liderlerin destekleyici davranışlarının astların psikolojik güçlenmesine katkısı, astların kendi değerleri ve özelliklerinin, örgütün değer ve özellikleri ile uyumlu olduğunu algılamasına bağlıdır. Bu iki değişkenin etkileşimli olarak örgüt için arzu edilen sonuçları etkilediği tespit edildiğinden, bu araştırma LMX ve kişi-örgüt uyumu konusundaki sınırlı literatüre bir katkı niteliğindedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Psikolojik Güçlendirme, Lider-Üye Etkileşimi (LMX), Kişi-Örgüt Uyumu (P-O Fit), Konaklama Sektörü, Turizm

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEADER MEMBER EXCHANGE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EMPOWERMENT: A RESEARCH IN THE SERVICE SECTOR

Psychologically empowered subordinates feel more commitment for their organization, have high job satisfaction, low turnover intention and work tension, are more prone to innovative behaviours, high performance and produce solutions. Psychological empowerment; depends on the conditions in the work environment. In work life; the interaction with the leader and the congruence with the organization are like a manifestation of organization for employees. Some research pointed to the complementary or reinforcing nature of leader-member exchange and person-organization fit. However, we need to learn more about the co-action contraption of these two variables. In order to reveal the interaction of leader-member exchange, psychological empowerment and person-organization fit, it was decided to conduct a research in the hospitality sector, in 5-star hotels in İstanbul. The data were collected by surveying 252 employees, which were reached by convenience sampling. Data analysis have done by SPSS 22, Process Macro v3.4 and AMOS 26.0.0. According to the results, leader-member exchange's effect on psychological empowerment strengthens as person-organization fit increases. However, the effect of leader-member exchange on psychological empowerment becomes insignificant when low person-organization fit values are present. Therefore, the contribution of leaders' supportive behaviours to the psychological empowerment of subordinates depends on the subordinates' perception of their values and characteristics are compatible with the organization’s. As it was found that these two variables interactively affect the desired outcomes for the organization, this research is a contribution for the limited literature on LMX and P-O fit.

Keywords:

Psychological Empowerment, Leader-Member Exchange (LMX), Person Organization Fit (P-O Fit), Hospitality, Tourism,

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